Strong Black Woman Schema and Psychological Distress: The Mediating Role of Perceived Emotional Support

Watson‐Singleton, Natalie N.

doi:10.1177/0095798417732414

Cited by 94 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…For example, Brody et al (2013) reported that although African American adolescent participants with first-hand experiences of economic stress and racism were psychosocially well adjusted, their physical health was impaired. Similarly, physical and emotional costs have been reported for African American women who embraced the Strong Black Woman stereotype (Abrams et al, 2014;Watson & Hunter, 2016;Watson-Singleton, 2017).…”

Section: An Ecological Systems Approach To Adolescent Resiliencementioning

confidence: 84%

“…Conventionally girls are raised to connect to others (e.g., be warm or show empathy) and prioritize others' needs (Brody et al, 2014;Godsil et al, 2016). Allied to this, African and African American communities typically endorse the Strong Black Woman stereotype that perpetuates a preference for girls and women to care for and support their families and communities, despite the potential costs of this stereotype to the wellness of girls and women (Abrams et al, 2014;Watson & Hunter, 2016;Watson-Singleton, 2017).…”

Section: Caring Woman Kin Sub-saharan Adolescents Specifically and Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Championing the resilience of sub-Saharan adolescents: pointers for psychologists

Theron

2018

South African Journal of Psychology

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In this article, I argue that an ecological systems approach to resilience -specifically, one that is sensitive to how contextual determinants shape successful adaptation differentially -offers a meaningful way to enable sub-Saharan adolescents to adapt well to the apparently intractable risks to their health and wellbeing. Accordingly, I draw on studies of child and adolescent resilience from sub-Saharan Africa and the global North to show that the resilience field has largely moved beyond individual-focused theories of resilience that have the (long term) potential to jeopardise adolescent health and wellbeing and advance neoliberal agendas. I emphasize that the recent attention to differentially impactful resilience-enablers casts suspicion on incautious application of universally recurring resilience-enablers. Allied to this, I problematize the delay in the identification of resources that impact the resilience of sub-Saharan adolescents differentially. Finally, I distil implications for resilience-directed praxis and research that have the potential to advance the championship of adolescent resilience in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Section: An Ecological Systems Approach To Adolescent Resiliencementioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Caring Woman Kin Sub-saharan Adolescents Specifically and Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Championing the resilience of sub-Saharan adolescents: pointers for psychologists

Theron

2018

South African Journal of Psychology

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“…Often, African American women who subscribed to the SBWA internalize stress to maintain self-reliance and not seek social support from others (Watson-Singleton, 2017).…”

Section: Negative Representations Of African American Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These women often do not seek assistance from others because of the conscious pressure to remain strong. The lack of social support contributes to extreme stress impacting on their physical and psychological well-being (Kennedy, 2017;Watson-Singleton, 2017) African Americans are often more prone to experience psychological stress in comparison to White Americans (Barnes, 2017). African American women who subscribed to the SBWA experience mental health problems to include reporting higher levels of sadness, hopelessness, worthlessness to take care of everyone's health and neglecting their own health (Barnes ,2017).…”

Section: Negative Representations Of African American Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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African American Women and Domestic Violence: Addressing their Voice of Silence

Kennedy¹,

Rhodes

2019

BRK-GHJ

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Historically, during slavery, the international slave trade promoted normalization of violence against African American women. During slavery, African American women endured inhuman conditions because of the majority race views of them as being over-sexualized, physically strong, and immoral. This perception of the African American women as being highly sexual and more sexual than white women results in slave owner justifying their sexual violation and degrading of the African American women. The stereotypical representations of African American women as strong, controlling, dangerous, fearless, and invulnerable may interfere with the African American women receiving the needed services for domestic violence in the community. The Strong Black Women Archetype has been dated back to slavery describing their coping mechanism in dealing with oppression by developing a strong, less traditionally female role. The authors developed a model: The Multidimensional Perspectives of Factors Contributing to Domestic Violence of African American Women in the United States. This model depicts historically, the factors contributing to domestic violence of African American women in the United States. Also, this model addressed the African American women subscribing to the Strong Black Women Archetype to cope with domestic violence. Despite the increase in domestic violence in African American women, they focused more on the issue of racism instead of sexism in America. African American women have experienced the two obstacles of racism and sexism in America. However, African American women and men believe racism is more critical than sexism. Therefore, domestic violence in the African American population may remain silent because of cultural loyalty. However, the voice of silence of African American females is gradually changing with the upcoming generations.

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Validation and Construct Validity of the Posttraumatic Avoidance Behaviour Questionnaire in a Sample of Trauma‐Exposed Black Women

Mekawi

Guelfo

Karimzadeh

et al. 2021

Journal of Traumatic Stress

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Engaging in posttraumatic avoidance behaviors after a traumatic incident is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) outcomes. Given the inherent limitations in the scope of the two‐item assessment of posttraumatic avoidance used in commonly administered measures of PTSD symptoms, the 25‐item Posttraumatic Avoidance Behaviour Questionnaire (PABQ) was developed to assess a range of avoidance behaviors, including avoidance of visual and sensory reminders, trauma‐related thoughts, and agoraphobia, as well as avoidance related to the home, sleep, and social interaction. However, the PABQ's utility is limited by its lack of (a) construct validity and (b) validation in diverse samples. To address these limitations, we examined the psychometric properties of PABQ scores in a sample of trauma‐exposed Black women (N = 601, M age = 41 years). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the original seven‐factor model fit the data well when Item 8 was excluded, χ2(231, N = 602) = 497.86, RMSEA = .04, 90% CI [.04, .05], CFI = .99, TLI = .989, WRMR = .939, but reliability estimates were variable (i.e., Cronbach's αs = .70–.91). In addition, we found support for convergent validity, clinical validity, and incremental validity. These results provide evidence for the psychometric strengths of the PABQ in minority samples and suggest that it is a valid assessment of posttraumatic avoidance in Black women.

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Strong Black Woman Schema and Psychological Distress: The Mediating Role of Perceived Emotional Support

Cited by 94 publications

References 27 publications

Championing the resilience of sub-Saharan adolescents: pointers for psychologists

Championing the resilience of sub-Saharan adolescents: pointers for psychologists

African American Women and Domestic Violence: Addressing their Voice of Silence

Validation and Construct Validity of the Posttraumatic Avoidance Behaviour Questionnaire in a Sample of Trauma‐Exposed Black Women

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