“…Unfortunately, a systematic, algorithmic search for the optimal designs of lattices can be prohibitively expensive ( 11 ), so historically, their designs have been driven by engineering ingenuity and intuition and further improved by iterative evolution with design approaches such as addition of beam members, controlled shell buckling, chemical effects, or hybrid structures ( 1 , 3 – 6 , 14 – 16 ). Although there have been successful designs based on intuition ( 1 , 4 – 6 , 9 , 14 , 15 , 17 , 18 ), intuition cannot be universally applied to other problems. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that a successful design found by intuition is the true global optimal solution, with the intuition merely showing the potential for improvement within the design space.…”