Strombidium Calkinsi, a New Thigmotactic Species

Fauré‐Fremiet, E.

doi:10.2307/1537551

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…While resting cysts are known from several loricate and aloricate members of this group, the complete encystment-excystment cycle has been studied in only 4 species, namely Strombidium oculatum (Fauré-Fremiet 1948, Jonsson 1994, Montagnes et al 2002, Helicostomella subulata (Paranjape 1980) and Cyrtostrombidium boreale (Kim et al 2002) from marine waters, and Pelagostrombidium fallax (Müller 1996, 2002, Müller & Wünsch 1999 from freshwater lakes. The polymorphic cycles of these species, though based on the same general pattern of alternating phases of population growth of active ciliates and dormancy of resting cysts, reveal adaptations to specific environmental situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of soil in the life cycle of Meseres corlissi (Ciliophora: Oligotrichea): experiments with two clonal strains from the type locality, an astatic meadow pond

Müller¹,

Foissner²,

Weisse³

2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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The life cycle of the oligotrich ciliate Meseres corlissi was investigated using 2 clonal strains, E4 and M10, which were isolated from soil samples collected at the type locality in Salzburg, Austria, and grown in a 1:1 mixture of WC medium and Eau de Volvic on a diet of cryptomonads. Growth, encystment, excystment and cyst survival of both strains depended strongly on the presence or absence of soil components in the culture medium. (1) Growth was enhanced greatly by addition of soil extract or sterilized garden soil. (2) Encystment could be induced by dilution of soil extract concentrations, whereas dilution of ciliates or food algae, at a constant soil extract level, had no significant effect. A sudden decrease in temperature, however, inhibited the encystment reaction. (3) Excystment could be triggered by addition of soil extract or sterilized garden soil. (4) Resting cysts survived desiccation periods of > 7 d only in the presence of sterilized garden soil. The nature of the 'soil factor' responsible for these effects remains at present unknown. The growth and encystment responses of strains E4 and M10 differ clearly from those of the earlier investigated strain DR (Weisse 2004), which was isolated from the reservoir of a tree bromelia in the Dominican Republic. These differences are interpreted as local adaptations of 2 morphologically and genetically indistinguishable but geographically distant populations of a cosmopolitan but rare ciliate species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of soil in the life cycle of Meseres corlissi (Ciliophora: Oligotrichea): experiments with two clonal strains from the type locality, an astatic meadow pond

Müller¹,

Foissner²,

Weisse³

2006

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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“…So far, 17 strombidiid species with thigmotactic membranelles have been described exclusively from marine waters and are assigned to five genera ( Strombidium , Novistrombidium , Parallelostrombidium , Omegastrombidium , and Spirostrombidium ; Dragesco ; Fauré‐Fremiet ; Kahl ; Lei et al. ; Liu et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…). In S. calkinsi , two thigmotactic membranelles are located on the dorsal side (Fauré‐Fremiet ). They are distinctly apart from the adoral zone, but silver impregnation is required to reveal their structure and a potential connection with the adoral membranelles by unciliated polykinetids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, these specialised membranelles are regarded as homoplasies, which developed independently in the genera mentioned above, because this is more parsimonious than an independent evolution of the different somatic ciliary patterns among the species bearing thigmotactic membranelles (Agatha ). The genus Thigmostrombidium and its junior objective synonym Heterostrombidium were established by Jankowski () and Song (), respectively, based on Strombidium calkinsi Fauré‐Fremiet and diagnosed by the presence of lateral or dorsal thigmotactic membranelles. These two genera were rejected and the affiliated species were transferred to the genus Strombidium based on the somatic ciliary pattern, arrangement of the extrusomes, and/or the position of the upper hemitheca margin (Agatha ), until further data on the type species S. calkinsi , especially about its somatic ciliary pattern and ontogenesis, are available.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Revision of Strombidium paracalkinsi (Ciliophora: Oligotrichea: Oligotrichia), with Comparison of Strombidiids Bearing Thigmotactic Membranelles

Lee

Kim

Jung

et al. 2014

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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This study analyses the morphological characters of Strombidium paracalkinsi, a species bearing thigmotactic membranelles, collected from Jangmok Bay at the southern coast of Korea. The small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of S. paracalkinsi was sequenced for the first time. By a combination of characters, the thigmotactic membranelles of S. paracalkinsi differ from the thigmotactic membranelles of other strombidiids. They are (1) positioned on dorsal side, (2) contiguous with three membranelles of the adoral zone, but separated by nonciliated portions of the polykinetids, and (3) composed of two rows of kinetids. Except for the thigmotactic membranelles, the morphology of S. paracalkinsi conforms to the diagnosis of the genus Strombidium. Our phylogenetic tree confirms the nonmonophyly of the genus Strombidium. The thigmotactic membranelles are a promising feature for a future split of the genus Strombidium, but require further studies, especially on Strombidium calkinsi Fauré-Fremiet 1932.

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“…The characteristics of these species are as follows: anterior membranelles and ventral membranelles encircled on the oral region and not forming a complete circle, polysaccharide plates (or platelets) covered posterior half of body, horizontal girdle kinety and longitudinal ventral kinety, trichites forming a characteristic band. About 80 species have been described up to now, but many species still need to be studied due to the lack of morphologic information that can be used to identify the species (Fauré-Fremiet, 1932;Kahl, 1932;Maeda and Carey, 1985;Lynn et al, 1988;Montagnes et al, 1988Montagnes et al, , 1990Montagnes et al, , 2002Montagnes and Lynn, 1991;Petz and Foissner, 1992;Lynn and Gilron, 1993;Martin and Montagnes, 1993;Petz et al, 1995;Agatha and Riedel-Lorjé, 1997; Kim and Taniguchi, 1997;Montagnes and Humphrey, 1998;Song and Bradbury, 1998;Lei et al, 1999;Song et al, 2000;Agatha, 2003;Granda and Montagnes, 2003;Modeo et al, 2003;Agatha, 2004b;Agatha et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2006Xu et al, , 2007Xu et al, , 2009McManus et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2011). Several studies have described with their ecological data concerning the occurrences at different water temperatures and salinities, as well as the morphologic data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Record of Six Marine Ciliate Species of Genus Strombidium (Ciliophora: Spirotricha: Oligotrichia) from Korea with Ecological Notes

Lee¹,

Xu²,

Shin³

et al. 2012

Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity

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To supply the morphological and ecological information of oligotrich ciliates in Korea, water samples were seasonally collected in Gwangyang Bay and Jinhae Bay from August, 2010 to February, 2012 and processed by quantitative protargol staining method. As a result, six species belonging to the genus Strombidium Claparede and Lachmann, 1859 are identified: Strombidium emergens Kahl, 1932; S. dalum Lynn et al., 1988; S. epidemum Lynn et al., 1988; S. tressum Lynn et al., 1988; S. bilobum Lynn and Gilron, 1993; S. pollostomum Lynn and Gilron, 1993. These six species were newly reported from Korean coastal waters. Strombidium emergens is a middle sized Strombidium (20-50 μm in length) and has open and deep oral groove to girdle portion. Strombidium dalum is a small sized Strombidium (?20 μm in length), that has torch-like spiral anterior membranelles and an inverted triangles-shaped macronucleus on the posterior pole. The small sized S. epidemum has conspicuous trichites surrounding the girdle portion and ventral membranelles distinctly separated from anterior membranelles. The small sized S. tressum has torch-like spiral and extremely long trichites among the cilia of anterior membranelles. The middle sized S. bilobum has a bilobed macronucleus. Strombidium pollostomum is also a small sized Strombidium but its ventral membranelles are continuously connected with anterior membranelles. The five species except S. emergens occurred frequently over the wide range of water temperatures and salinities

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Strombidium Calkinsi, a New Thigmotactic Species

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Role of soil in the life cycle of Meseres corlissi (Ciliophora: Oligotrichea): experiments with two clonal strains from the type locality, an astatic meadow pond

Role of soil in the life cycle of Meseres corlissi (Ciliophora: Oligotrichea): experiments with two clonal strains from the type locality, an astatic meadow pond

Revision of Strombidium paracalkinsi (Ciliophora: Oligotrichea: Oligotrichia), with Comparison of Strombidiids Bearing Thigmotactic Membranelles

First Record of Six Marine Ciliate Species of Genus Strombidium (Ciliophora: Spirotricha: Oligotrichia) from Korea with Ecological Notes

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