Stromal laminin-5γ2 chain expression is associated with the wall-invasion pattern of gallbladder adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Our previous study demonstrated that the pT2 and pT3-4 gallbladder carcinomas can be classified into two groups, i.e. infiltrative growth type (IG type) and destructive growth type (DG type) and that the DG type is associated with poor differentiation, aggressive infiltration, and decreased postoperative survival. The present study focused on the clinicopathologic significance of laminin-5γ2 chain expression as an indicator of local aggressiveness and Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) as an indicator of the cell proliferation activity of gallbladder carcinoma. Ki-67 LI was higher in the DG type (26.3%) than in the IG type (21.4%), and the rate of high-grade cell proliferation cases (Ki-67 LI ≧ 30%) was high in the DG type (P = 0.012). Gallbladder carcinoma cases with high Ki-67 LI were significantly associated with poorly differentiation (P = 0.089) and distant lymph node metastasis (P = 0.079). Laminin-5γ2 expression patterns of gallbladder carcinoma were divided into two distinct types, extracellular staining and cytoplasmic staining. The extracellular staining was subclassified into two groups, basement membrane staining and stromal staining. In the basement membrane staining, laminin-5γ2 was present in the basement membranes surrounding neoplastic glandular structures. The basement membrane staining of laminin-5γ2 was more frequent in the IG type (40%) than in the DG type (12.9%) (P = 0.025). The stromal staining was more frequent in the DG type. Furthermore, the stroma-positive group was more closely associated with decreased overall survival than the stroma-negative group (P = 0.028). The cytoplasmic staining was not significantly correlated with invasion pattern in gallbladder carcinoma (P = 0.545). Univariate analysis demonstrated that laminin-5γ2 stromal staining is a predictor of lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, neural invasion, the mode of subserosal infiltration, and lymph nodal status. Multivariate analysis revealed the mode of subserosal infiltration is the strongest predictor of stromal invasion (P = 0.068). In conclusion, high-grade cell proliferation and stromal laminin-5γ2 staining were significantly correlated with a wall-invasion pattern of aggressive gallbladder carcinoma indicating destructive growth (DG type).In a previous study, we subclassified the pT2 and pT3-4 gallbladder carcinomas into two groups, i.e. infiltrative growth type (IG type) and destructive growth type (DG type), and the DG type was significantly associated with poor differentiation, aggressive infiltration, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and decreased postoperative survival (38). Therefore, subclassification of the IG/DG growth

Expression of cytokeratin 34^|^beta;E12 is a good indicator of tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

“…The low molecular weight protein groups are 40 to 54 kD: CK7, 8, 17-20, and the high molecular weight protein groups are 48 to 67 kD: CK1-6, 9-16 (3). metastases; M1, distant metastases (22 (18). In each patient, one representative histological specimen at the deepest invaded area of the esophageal cancer lesion was selected for immunohistochemistry.…”

Vimentin expression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its aggressive potential for lymph node metastasis

“…Lymph node metastasis is the most crucial parameter for predicting survival (16,29,35). The spread of cancer cells via the lymphatic system to regional lymph nodes is an important early event INFc; and INFc, the tumor showing scirrhous growth and an indistinct border with the surrounding tissue (21). In each patient, one representative histological specimen at the deepest invaded area of an esophageal cancer lesion was selected for immunohistochemistry.…”

Histological phenotype is correlated with the wall-invasion pattern of gallbladder adenocarcinoma

“…Mucin is a heterogeneous group of high molecular weight glycoproteins with many carbohydrate side chains. The mucin shares the common features of having an extensive tandem repeat region, and a peptide domain containing a high per- logical differentiation, lymphatic invasion, venous invasion, lymph node status, neural invasion, and mode of subserosal infiltration (18)(19)(20). In present study, both histological phenotype and MUCs expression were significantly correlated with wall-invasion pattern of GBC.…”

“…Several previous studies have demonstrated high risks of disease progression, using surgically-resected GBC cases, and histological grade, depth of wall infiltration, and lymph node status have been determined to be clinicopathological prognostic factors (6,22). In addition, we have classified the wall-invasion pattern of GBC into two groups, i.e., infiltrative growth type (IG type) and destructive growth type (DG type) (18)(19)(20). The DG type was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis.…”