Stroke Symptom Attribution and Time to Emergency Department Arrival: The Delay in Accessing Stroke Healthcare Study

2011 ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/AANS/ACR/ASNR/CNS/SAIP/SCAI/SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS Guideline on the Management of Patients With Extracranial Carotid and Vertebral Artery Disease

“…2 Once the diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke is established, the patient has been stabilized, thrombolytic therapy has been administered to an eligible patient, and initial preventive therapy has been implemented, further evaluation is directed toward establishing the vascular territory involved and the cause and pathophysiology of the event. 2,111,116,117 Risk stratification and secondary prevention are important for all patients.…”

Comprehensive Overview of Nursing and Interdisciplinary Care of the Acute Ischemic Stroke Patient

“…41 rtPA is the only treatment for AIS approved by the US Food and Drug Administration, and it ideally is administered within 3 hours of symptom onset. 13,59,66,67 On-site stroke patient assessments should be performed expeditiously, and transport should be initiated as soon as the patient's condition is assessed as stable.…”

“…21 When recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) was approved as the first acute treatment for AIS, the paradigm of care of the stroke patient shifted, and emergency care of the stroke patient in the field emerged. 22 The role of time in determining treatment eligibility and patient outcome has generated a body of literature and knowledge about appropriate care for AIS patients, [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] from which healthcare providers have developed measures to quickly and easily identify and assess stroke patients. 46,47 Textbooks and training courses for EMTs and paramedics discuss stroke pathophysiology and identify stroke as a medical emergency.…”

Hospital Arrival Time and Intravenous t-PA Use in US Academic Medical Centers, 2001–2004

“…16 The median times to hospital arrival did not differ between our 2 study periods and were comparable to those reported in other populations. 7,9,14,16,18,[25][26][27] We identified several patient characteristics associated with time to arrival at the hospital. Black race/ethnicity was associated with delayed presentation.…”