Stroke in a child with SARS-CoV-2 infection: A case report

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Some patients with COVID-19 show widely neurological manifestations including stroke. We report a child who was hospitalized due to seizures and was later diagnosed with COVID-19. Acute infarction was seen in the right putamen, globus pallidus, and the posterior part of the insula. A small focal dilatation within M1 segment of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) was also observed. According to the present case report, COVID-19 infection may contribute to the occurrence and development of ischemic stroke.

Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy in a child with COVID-19: Clot analysis reveals a novel pathway in the neuroinflammatory cascade resulting in large-vessel occlusion

“…LaRovere et al and others described the role of multisystemic inflammatory response due to COVID-19 in focal neurological processes such as LVO, cerebral sinus thrombosis, and focal cerebral arteriopathy. 15 – 17 …”

COVID-19 and neurologic manifestations: a synthesis from the child neurologist’s corner

“…Other viruses have been associated with an increased incidence of stroke in children, including influenza and the varicella-zoster virus [ 41 ]. An increased risk for stroke in COVID-19 patients has been demonstrated, especially in the subgroups that required intensive treatment unit admission and in patients with encephalopathy [ 6 , 40 , 42 ]. In adults, COVID-19-related stroke has a reported incidence up to 7.5 times higher than influenza [ 43 ].…”

Spectrum of neuroimaging mimics in children with COVID-19 infection

“…Vasculitis may accompany intracranial infections and up to one-third of children with stroke have postvaricella angiopathy occurring weeks to months after uncomplicated chickenpox [ 94 ]. Vasculitis and associated infarction are frequent reported in children with COVID-19 infection [ 10 , 20 , 21 , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] ].…”

“…[ 10 ]. Numerous case reports have indicated the presence of acute encephalopathy or encephalitis [ [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] , [22] , [23] , [24] ], acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) [ 25 , 26 ], acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) [ 20 , [26] , [27] , [28] , [29] , [30] , [31] , [32] ], cytotoxic lesions in the callosal splenium [ 26 , [33] , [34] , [35] , [36] , [37] ], posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) [ 26 , 38 ], cerebral venous thrombosis [ 39 , 40 ], vasculitis and acute infarction [ 20 , 21 , [41] , [42] , [43] , [44] , [45] , [46] , [47] ], Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) [ 20 , 21 , 26 , [48] , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] , [53] , [54] , [55] , [56] , [57] , [58] ] and its variant Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) [ [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ], transverse myelitis [ 9 , 50 ,…”