String balls at the LHC and beyond

Dimopoulos, Savas; Emparan, Roberto

doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(01)01525-8

Cited by 137 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This has led to the advocacy of the choice Q ≃ r −1 s [11], which has the advantage of a sensible limit at very high energies. However, as has been pointed out by Dimopoulos and Emparan [48], string progenitors can give experimental signals akin to BH for the collision energies and values of M min BH under present consideration. In cosmic ray experiments, these signals are indistinguishable from those of BH decay (more on this below).…”

Section: Implications For Tev-scale Gravitymentioning

confidence: 61%

Neutrino bounds on astrophysical sources and new physics

et al. 2002

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Ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos are incisive probes of both astrophysical sources and new TeV-scale physics. Such neutrinos would create extensive air showers deep in the atmosphere. The absence of such showers implies upper limits on incoming neutrino fluxes and cross sections. Combining the exposures of AGASA, the largest existing ground array, with the exposure of the Fly's Eye fluorescence detector integrated over all its operating epochs, we derive 95% CL bounds that substantially improve existing limits. We begin with model-independent bounds on astrophysical fluxes, assuming standard model cross sections, and model-independent bounds on new physics cross sections, assuming a conservative cosmogenic flux. We then derive model-dependent constraints on new components of neutrino flux for several assumed power spectra, and we update bounds on the fundamental Planck scale M D in extra dimension scenarios from black hole production. For large numbers of extra dimensions, we find M D > 2.0 (1.1) TeV for M min BH = M D (5M D ), comparable to or exceeding the most stringent constraints to date.

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Section: Implications For Tev-scale Gravitymentioning

confidence: 61%

Neutrino bounds on astrophysical sources and new physics

et al. 2002

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Section: Jhep08(2014)103mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is the "remnant phase", in which the theoretical modelling uncertainties are large. The conventional treatment by the event generators used in LHC simulations is to decay the black hole remnant to a small number of SM particles [21].Strong gravitational states include, in the context of weakly coupled string theory, highly excited string states (string balls) [22]. 1 In these models, the string scale M S [23] and string coupling g S define M D = g −2/(n+2) S M S and determine the string ball properties.…”

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confidence: 99%

Search for microscopic black holes and string balls in final states with leptons and jets with the ATLAS detector at s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 8 TeV

Aad¹,

Abbott²,

Abdallah³

et al. 2014

J. High Energ. Phys.

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A search for an excess of events with multiple high transverse momentum objects including charged leptons and jets is presented, using 20.3 fb −1 of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 at a centre-of-mass energy of √ s = 8 TeV. No excess of events beyond Standard Model expectations is observed. Using extra-dimensional models for black hole and string ball production and decay, exclusion contours are determined as a function of the mass threshold for production and the fundamental gravity scale for two, four and six extra dimensions. For six extra dimensions, mass thresholds of 4.8-6.2 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, depending on the fundamental gravity scale and model assumptions. Upper limits on the fiducial cross-sections for non-Standard Model production of these final states are set. 6 Event selection 8 7 Background estimation 9 7.1 Prompt background estimation from control regions 9 7.2 Backgrounds from misidentified objects and non-prompt leptons 13 7.3 Background smoothing with fits 148 Systematic uncertainties 159 Results and interpretation 17 Summary 25The ATLAS collaboration 32 IntroductionA long-standing problem in particle physics is the very large difference between two apparently fundamental energy scales: the electroweak scale at O(0.1 TeV) and the gravitational (Planck) scale M Pl = O(10 16 TeV). Models postulating extra spatial dimensions into which the gravitational field propagates attempt to address this hierarchy problem [1][2][3][4]. In most of these models, the Standard Model (SM) fields are constrained to the one time and three spatial dimensions of our universe, whilst the gravitons also propagate into the n "bulk" extra dimensions. In these models, the fundamental gravitational scale in the full (n + 4) space-time dimensions, M D , is dramatically lower than M Pl , and represents an effective scale appropriate for probes of the gravitational interactions at low energies. A value of M D in the TeV range would allow for the production of strong gravitational states such as microscopic black holes at energies accessible at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) [5][6][7]. Two well-motivated extra-dimensional models are those with large flat extra dimensions -1 - JHEP08(2014)103(ADD models [2,3]) and those with small, usually warped, extra dimensions (RS models [4]). This analysis considers ADD models, for which the n = 1 case is ruled out and the n = 2 case is disfavoured by current astrophysical and tabletop experiments [8]. Thus, benchmark models with two, four and six additional spatial dimensions are considered.Estimates of the black hole production cross-sections invoke semiclassical approximations, the validity of which require the production centre-of-mass energy to be significantly above M D . This motivates the introduction of a production mass threshold M th , well above M D . In the black hole formation stage, some energy is expected to be lost to gravitational or SM radiation. This has recently been calcu...

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“…Below the GR threshold, quantum gravity effects are expected to manifest. It has been shown that highly excited string states, known as string balls [6], produced below the GR threshold, could have a cross section comparable to that of a black hole. Furthermore, black holes produced at the LHC could evolve into these string states.…”

Section: String Ballsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper a selected overview of search strategies for different types of signatures is given. It is also shown how the results can be interpreted in models of SUSY, extra dimensions [3][4][5] and string balls [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%