Strigolactones are chemoattractants for host tropism in Orobanchaceae parasitic plants

Ogawa, Satoshi; Cui, Songkui; White, Alexandra R. F.; Nelson, David C.; Yoshida, Satoko; Shirasu, Ken

doi:10.1101/2022.02.17.480806

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Plant roots and AMF respond to each other in the course of symbiosis (Dhanker et al, 2020;Nasir et al, 2021), and the roots and AMF are capable of mutual tropism growth. We analyzed the host tropism of AMF (Sbrana and Giovannetti, 2005;Pineda-Martos et al, 2021;Ogawa and Shirasu, 2022a;Ogawa et al, 2022b), and our preliminary results suggest that the host tropism of spores was significantly inhibited by myristate application. The main purpose of this study was to explore the mycorrhizal colonization of AMF, so the hairy roots and spores were not cultured in separate compartments, and we only observed and analyzed the phenomenon of the host tropism in AMF preliminarily.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we observed that the hairy roots and AMF have the ability to grow toward each other, and called the ability of AMF to grow toward host plant roots as host tropism (Ogawa and Shirasu, 2022a;Sbrana and Giovannetti, 2005;Pineda-Martos et al, 2021;Ogawa et al, 2022b). In addition, some roots grew toward AMF, and the germ tube could contact the roots after spore germination immediately.…”

Section: Sand Culture System (Experiments 2)mentioning

confidence: 97%

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Exogenous myristate promotes the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tomato

Liu,

Feng,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can establish symbiotic associations with the roots of most terrestrial plants, thereby improving the tolerance of the host plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although AMF cannot synthesize lipids de novo, they can obtain lipids from the root cells for their growth and development. A recent study reveals that AMF can directly take up myristate (C14:0 lipid) from the environment and produce a large amount of hyphae in asymbiotic status; however, the effect of environmental lipids on AM symbiosis is still unclear. In this study, we inoculated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) with AMF in an in vitro dual culture system and a sand culture system, and then applied exogenous myristate to the substrate, in order to explore the effect of exogenous lipids on the mycorrhizal colonization of AMF. We investigated the hyphae growth, development, and colonization of AMF, and examined the gene expression involved in phosphate transport, lipid biosynthesis, and transport. Results indicate that exogenous lipids significantly stimulated the growth and branching of hyphae, and significantly increased the number of hyphopodia and mycorrhizal colonization of AMF, with arbuscular abundance and intraradical spores or vesicles being the most promoted. In contrast, exogenous myristate decreased the growth range and host tropism of the germ tubes, and largely inhibited the exchange of nutrition between symbionts. As a result, exogenous myristate did not affect the plant growth. This study suggests that lipids promote mycorrhizal colonization by enhancing the growth and development of AMF hyphae and increasing their contact opportunities with plant roots. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that shows that lipids promote the colonization of AMF. Our study highlights the importance of better understanding the roles of environmental lipids in the establishment and maintenance of AM symbiosis and, thus, in agricultural production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sand Culture System (Experiments 2)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Exogenous myristate promotes the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tomato

Liu,

Feng,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Essential plant nutrients impair post‐germination development of Striga in sorghum

Mwangangi,

Büchi,

Runo

et al. 2023

Plants People Planet

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Societal Impact StatementInfestation by the parasitic weed Striga is a major cause of cereal crop production losses on smallholder farms in Africa. Essential plant nutrients play an important indirect role in parasite seed germination, the first prerequisite for successful parasitism. Here, we demonstrate that increasing the nutrient availability for the host plant can also impede Striga development beyond its germination, independent of the resistance levels of the sorghum host. This insight provides additional support for crop protection recommendations to Striga‐affected farmers. Growing a resistant crop variety combined with adequate levels of fertilisers should be the backbone of defence against this parasitic weed.Summary Striga hermonthica is a widespread parasitic weed in sub‐Saharan Africa and an important biotic constraint to sorghum production. Resistant varieties and fertilisers are crucial components of integrated Striga management. N and P fertilisers reduce the production of host‐plant strigolactones, known as Striga germination stimulants, and thereby reduce infection. Whether essential plant nutrients affect the parasite–host interaction beyond Striga germination is unknown. We conducted mini‐rhizotron assays to investigate the effects of macronutrient and micronutrient availability on post‐germination Striga development. Four sorghum genotypes (Framida, IS10978, N13, IS9830) covering the complete array of known mechanisms of post‐attachment resistance were compared with susceptible genotype Ochuti. Plants were infected with pre‐germinated Striga seeds and subjected to four nutrient treatment levels: (1) 25% of the optimal concentration of Long Ashton solution for cereals; (2) 25% macronutrient and optimal micronutrient concentration; (3) optimal macronutrient and 25% micronutrient concentration; and (4) optimal macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations. Compared with the 25% base nutrient level, treatments supplemented with macronutrients reduced the number of viable vascular connections established by pre‐germinated Striga seedlings as well as the total parasite biomass on the sorghum root system. Macronutrient treatment effects were observed across sorghum genotypes, independent of the presence and type of post‐attachment resistance, but appeared to specifically improve mechanical resistance, hypersensitive and incompatibility responses before Striga reaches the host‐root xylem. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that nutrient availability drives Striga parasitism beyond the germination stages. Increased availability of nutrients, in particular macronutrients, enhances host‐plant resistance in post‐attachment stages, reinforcing the importance of current fertiliser recommendations.

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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Physiological and Molecular Role of Strigolactones as Plant Growth Regulators: A Review

et al. 2023

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Strigolactones are chemoattractants for host tropism in Orobanchaceae parasitic plants

Cited by 3 publications

References 75 publications

Exogenous myristate promotes the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tomato

Exogenous myristate promotes the colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in tomato

Essential plant nutrients impair post‐germination development of Striga in sorghum

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Physiological and Molecular Role of Strigolactones as Plant Growth Regulators: A Review

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