Strigolactone biosynthesis, transport and perception

Abstract

Summary Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones that regulate diverse developmental processes and environmental responses. They are also known to be root‐derived chemical signals that regulate symbiotic and parasitic interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root parasitic plants, respectively. Since the discovery of the hormonal function of SLs in 2008, there has been much progress in the SL research field. In particular, a number of breakthroughs have been achieved in our understanding of SL biosynthesis, transport and perception. The discovery of the hormonal function of SL was quite valuable not only as the identification of a new class of plant hormones, but also as the discovery of the long‐sought‐after SL biosynthetic and response mutants. These mutants in several plant species provided us the genetic resources to address fundamental questions regarding SL biosynthesis and perception. Such mutants were further characterized later, and biochemical analyses of these genetically identified factors have uncovered the outline of SL biosynthesis and perception so far. Moreover, new genes involved in SL transport have been discovered through reverse genetic analyses. In this review, we summarize recent advances in SL research with a focus on biosynthesis, transport and perception.

Distinct genetic basis for root responses to lipo-chitooligosaccharide signal molecules from different microbial origins

“…S7). Among them, the F-box containing genes Medtr6g027420 and Medtr6g006730 obtained for the Fung-LCO and Nod-LCO responses, respectively, belong to the RNI-subfamily of SKP Ubiquitin ligase adaptor proteins that are involved in several hormonal responses such as strigolactone or auxin signalling (Mashiguchi et al, 2020;Sparks et al, 2013). Interestingly, a locus with a low p-value (≤ 2.39 x 10 -10 ) at the end of chromosome 5 corresponded to a gene (Medtr5g085250) similar to the E3 ligase COP1 that was shown to control root growth in response to shoot-perceived light in Arabidopsis (Sassi et al, 2012).…”

Establishment of strigolactone-producing bacterium-yeast consortium

“…The biosynthetic pathway from ATβC to CL is conserved in most land plants ( 49 , 50 ); however, the routes for the conversion of CL into canonical SLs can be distinct among different plant species, even when they produce the same SLs ( 50 ). A microbial platform of producing CL, CLA, and the downstream pathway intermediates may make the characterization of the unknown pathways much easier.…”

Efficiency and bioavailability of new synthetic strigolactone mimics with potential for sustainable agronomical applications

“…The SL synthesis and perception pathway are strongly conserved among several plant species and summarized in Fig. 1, based on the contributions of (Alder et al 2012;Bennett and Leyser 2014;Zhang et al 2014Zhang et al , 2018Abe et al 2014;Xie 2016;Zwanenburg et al 2016;Moturu et al 2018;Shabek et al 2018;Marzec and Brewer 2019;Yoshimura et al 2020;Marzec and Brewer 2019;Bürger and Chory 2020;Mashiguchi et al 2021). At present, the hydrolysis of SL after binding to the receptor MAX2/D14 is interpreted as either the beginning or the end of the signaling pathway (Wallner et al 2017;Walker et al 2019;Machin et al 2019).…”