Striatiguttulaceae, a new pleosporalean family to accommodate Longicorpus and Striatiguttula gen. nov. from palms

Abstract

Palms represent the most morphological diverse monocotyledonous plants and support a vast array of fungi. Recent examinations of palmicolous fungi in Thailand led to the discovery of a group of morphologically similar and interesting taxa. A polyphasic approach based on morphology, multi-gene phylogenetic analyses and divergence time estimates supports the establishment of a novel pleosporalean family Striatiguttulaceae, which diversified approximately 39 (20–63) MYA (crown age) and 60 (35–91) MYA (stem age). Striatiguttulaceae is characterized by stromata or ascomata with a short to long neck, trabeculate pseudoparaphyses and fusiform to ellipsoidal, 1–3-septate ascospores, with longitudinal striations and paler end cells, surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath. Multi-gene phylogenetic analysis showed that taxa of Striatiguttulaceae form a well-supported and distinct monophyletic clade in Pleosporales, and related to Ligninsphaeriaceae and Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae. However, these families can be morphologically demarcated by the slit-like ascomata and extremely large ascospores in Ligninsphaeriaceae and the rather narrow fusiform ascospores in Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae. Eight strains of Striatiguttulaceae formed two monophyletic sub-clades, which can be recognized as Longicorpusgen. nov. and Striatiguttulagen. nov. Morphologically, the genus Longicorpus can be differentiated from Striatiguttula by its elongated immersed ascomata and fusiform ascospores with relatively larger middle cells and paler end cells. Two new species Striatiguttulanypae and S.phoenicis, and one new combination, Longicorpusstriataspora are introduced with morphological details, and phylogenetic relationships are discussed based on DNA sequence data.

Taxonomic novelties in Magnolia-associated pleosporalean fungi in the Kunming Botanical Gardens (Yunnan, China)

“…Forty-one families and two suborders (Massarineae, Pleosporineae) in Pleosporales are represented in the phylogenetic tree ( Fig 1 ). The topologies resulting from the ML and BI analyses ( Fig 1 ) are generally congruent with the results reported by [ 19 ] and other large-scale phylogenies of Dothideomycetes e.g. [ 32 ].…”

“…Sequences generated from different primers of the five genes were analysed with other sequences retrieved from GenBank (see S1 Table ). Sequences with high similarity indices were determined from a BLAST search to find the closest matches with taxa in Pleosporales, and from recently published data [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. The multiple alignments of all consensus sequences, as well as the reference sequences were automatically generated with MAFFT v. 7 ( http://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server/index.html ; [ 20 , 21 ]), and were improved manually when necessary using BioEdit v. 7.0.5.2 [ 22 ].…”

Three saprobic Dothideomycetes from the aerial parts of mangrove trees with polyphenism in Striatiguttula

“…Total genomic DNA was extracted, following the modi ed CTAB method, from freshly harvested mycelium (500 mg) (Thambugala et al 2015, Zhang et al 2019. and Zhang et al (2019).…”

“…In Thailand, mangrove forests populate the southern and central coastal regions, where trees from Arecaceae (Nypa fruticans) and Rhizophoraceae, are the most abundant (Bamroongrugsa et al 2013, Kumar et al 2018, 2019b, Zhang et al 2019. Nypa fruticans is an ancient palm that grows in the upper zone of mangroves stretching from the brackish water zone at river mouths to almost inland freshwater (Rozainah andAslezaeim 2010, Kumar et al 2018).…”

“…Among them, studies on marine Dothideomycetes have increased exponentially in recent years (Suetrong et al 2009, Pang et al 2013, Loganathachetti et al 2017, Devadatha et al, 2018a,b,c,2019, Kumar et al 2019b, Zhang et al 2019. These have shown that marine Dothideomycetes occur on a wide range of substrata, including mangrove wood, twigs, and leaves, sea and marsh grasses (Kohlmeyer et al 1995, Suetrong et al 2009, Kumar et al 2019b, Zhang et al 2019. Liu et al (2017) listed 28 Dothideomycete clades, of which 18 have marine representatives (Jones et al 2019).…”