Striatal Dysfunction in Attention Deficit and Hyperkinetic Disorder

Lou, Hans C.; Henriksen, Leif; Bruhn, Peter; Børner, Hanne; Nielsen, Jan Kresten

doi:10.1001/archneur.1989.00520370050018

Cited by 492 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…However, behaviourally, methylphenidate had similar effects in both the control and ADHD groups, reducing commission errors during no-go trials in both groups (Vaidya et al 1998). MPH-related striatal activation has been reported in ADHD subjects in several other studies (Lou et al 1989;Rosa-Neto et al 2005).…”

Section: Psychostimulant Effects On Action Inhibition: the Role Of Camentioning

confidence: 65%

The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks

2008

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Background and rationale The term 'action inhibition' encapsulates the ability to prevent any form of planned physical response. Growing evidence suggests that different 'stages' or even subtypes of action inhibition activate subtly different neuropharmacological and neuroanatomical processes. Objectives In this review, we present evidence from two commonly used and apparently similar behavioural tests, the stop-signal task and the go/no-go task, to determine if these have similar neuroanatomical and neurochemical modulation. Results Whilst performance of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks is modulated across only subtly different anatomical networks, serotonin (5-HT) is strongly implicated in inhibitory control on the go/no-go but not the stop-signal task, whereas the stop-signal reaction time appears more sensitive to the action of noradrenaline. Conclusions There is clear neuropharmacological and neuroanatomical evidence that stop-signal and go/no-go tasks represent different forms of action inhibition. This evidence translates with remarkable consistency across species. We discuss the possible implications of this evidence with respect to the development of novel therapeutic treatments for disorders in which inhibitory deficits are prominent and debilitating.

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Section: Psychostimulant Effects On Action Inhibition: the Role Of Camentioning

confidence: 65%

The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks

2008

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“…There is an increasing amount of research supporting a role for the Str in ADHD neurobiology (Durston et al, 2003;Lou et al, 1989;Teicher et al, 2000). Furthermore, there is a growing interest in the role of Glu, whether it is through DA/Glu interactions or dysregulation of Glu neurotransmission, as a potential contributor to ADHD symptomatology (Carrey et al, , 2007MacMaster et al, 2003;Russell et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Dopamine D4 Receptor Expression Increases Extracellular Glutamate and Alters Its Regulation in Mouse Striatum

Thomas

Grandy

Gerhardt

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

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To better understand the effect of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) on glutamate (Glu) neurotransmission in the brain, we utilized transgenic mice with partial or complete removal of functional DRD4 plasma membrane expression (DRD4 + /À and DRD4À/À, respectively). We measured resting extracellular Glu levels, Glu clearance kinetics, and KCl-evoked release of Glu in the striatum and nucleus accumbens core of these mice using in vivo amperometry coupled to a novel microelectrode array configured for sub-second detection of Glu. Recordings from DRD4À/À and DRD4 + /À mice were compared with their wild-type littermates (DRD4 + / + ). Resting extracellular levels of Glu were increased in the striatum of DRD4À/À mice (po0.01). Glu clearance kinetics were significantly decreased in the dorsal striatum of DRD4À/À mice (po0.05). KCl-evoked overflow of Glu was reliably measured but unchanged in the striatum of the three groups. By contrast, no changes in resting Glu, Glu uptake kinetics, or KCl-evoked release of Glu were observed in the nucleus accumbens core among the three genotypes. These data indicate that the DRD4 receptor is involved in modulation of Glu neurotransmission, primarily in the striatum. A better understanding of Glu control by the DRD4 may improve our understanding of the physiological role of the DRD4 in disorders such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia.

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“…Several resting-state SPECT studies demonstrated that the occipital cortex is relatively hyperperfused in ADHD and that MPH tends to decrease flow in this area. The abnormality in these regions may be the cause of the inhibition disorder in ADHD patients [26,71,72] .…”

Section: Lingual Gyrusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methylphenidate on resting-state brain activity in normal adults: an fMRI study

et al. 2013

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Methylphenidate (MPH) is one of the most commonly used stimulants for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Although several studies have evaluated the effects of MPH on human brain activation during specific cognitive tasks using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), few studies have focused on spontaneous brain activity. In the current study, we investigated the effect of MPH on the intra-regional synchronization of spontaneous brain activity during the resting state in 18 normal adult males. A handedness questionnaire and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale were applied before medication, and a resting-state fMRI scan was obtained 1 h after medication (20 mg MPH or placebo, order counterbalanced between participants). We demonstrated that: (1) there were no significant differences in the performance of behavioral tasks between the MPH and placebo groups; (2) the left middle and superior temporal gyri had stronger MPHrelated regional homogeneity (ReHo); and (3) the left lingual gyrus had weaker MPH-related ReHo. Our findings showed that the ReHo in some brain areas changes with MPH compared to placebo in normal adults, even though there are no behavioral differences. This method can be applied to patients with mental illness who may be treated with MPH, and be used to compare the difference between patients taking MPH and normal participants, to help reveal the mechanism of how MPH works.

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Striatal Dysfunction in Attention Deficit and Hyperkinetic Disorder

Cited by 492 publications

References 9 publications

The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks

The neuropsychopharmacology of action inhibition: cross-species translation of the stop-signal and go/no-go tasks

Decreased Dopamine D4 Receptor Expression Increases Extracellular Glutamate and Alters Its Regulation in Mouse Striatum

Effects of methylphenidate on resting-state brain activity in normal adults: an fMRI study

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