Stretchable Systems

Kumaresan, Yogeenth; Yogeswaran, Nivasan; Occhipinti, Luigi G.; Dahiya, Ravinder

doi:10.1017/9781108882330

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 345 publications

(434 reference statements)

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“…The LIG can produce a wide range of shapes on a flexible substrate in situ at a considerably low cost compared to the conventional device fabrication method using lithography. [3][4][5][6][21][22][23] Furthermore, the crystal quality and surface morphology of WO 3 and LIG were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were measured with an X-ray diffractometer (D8 Advance, German).…”

Section: Device Fabrication and Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flexible optoelectronic devices that can detect UV radiation, like photodetectors (PDs), are gaining rapid popularity due to their easy manufacturing, affordability, efficiency, and sensitivity. [1][2][3][4] These solutions often utilize stretchable and wearable electronics approaches due to the need for flexible electronics in a variety of applications. Because of the wide variety of uses for PDs, the devices' structure and properties should be optimized so that manufacturing may be increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO₃ UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Qasim,

Jalal,

Sulaman

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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The emerging flexible device technologies have fascinated the modern optoelectronic industry owing to their invincible properties such as wearable, stretchable, smart, energy‐efficient, scalability, cost‐effective, and high performance. However, there is still room for improvements such as performance, reliability, and mass production. This research work fabricates laser‐induced graphene (LIG) interdigitated electrodes based on flexible UV photodetectors over polyimide substrate, using solution‐processed tungsten oxide (WO3) thin film as photoactive material. The best device performance is achieved through the optimization of laser power for the deposition of LIG, as well as a different solvent for WO3. The device shows excellent photoresponsivity, external quantum efficiency, and specific detectivity of 500 mA W−1, 164%, and 3.09 × 1012 Jones, respectively. Moreover, a fast response time, such as 0.3 ms for 375 nm light, is observed. This study offers a comprehensive elucidation of the intricate process through which photoelectrons are moved toward WO3 facilitated by the electric field present at the interface of the LIG and WO3.

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Section: Device Fabrication and Characterizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO₃ UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Qasim,

Jalal,

Sulaman

et al. 2024

Adv Materials Technologies

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Kirigami and Mogul‐Patterned Ultra‐Stretchable High‐Performance ZnO Nanowires‐Based Photodetector

Kumaresan

Min

Dahiya

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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lenging. [5] Therefore, highly stretchable photodetector (PD) devices having the potential to attach on nonplanar surfaces such as clothes or skin to endure body motions are highly desirable for real-time monitoring of UV radiation under diverse environmental conditions. [6] Additionally, for real-time operation the self-powering of myriad sensors and electronics on wearable systems is desirable. [7] Enormous efforts have been made to achieve stretchable UV PDs to go beyond the existing silicon-based rigid electronics. [8] These solution typically adopt the techniques that have developed for stretchable and wearable electronics, which has gained significant interest in recent years because of the need for electronics in flexible form factors in a wide range of applications. [9] Few examples include mobile health monitoring through sensory skin patches, [10] communication through wearable devices or foldable displays, [8c,11] safe robotic interaction through large area tactile skin, etc. [12] On-going research efforts focus on the development of multimodal wearables that can be easily integrated in clothing, wrist watches and bands, tattoo-like sensory skin patches (electronicskin), etc. [13] To this end, highly sensitive sensors with high stretchability and reliability are recommended for accurate and fast measurements during body movements. [14] The stretchable PDs are fabricated thus far either use novel structural device engineering [8b,14a,15] or the nanowires (NWs)elastomer nanocomposite by embedding the semiconducting NWs in the elastomeric material. [8c,8d,8f,16] The former approach relies on the structural design of nonstretchable materials which includes the fabrication of PD through a conventional approach and transfer to the prestretched substrate to obtain a stretchable wavy pattern upon releasing the prestrain. For example, a stretchable graphene PD was fabricated by transferring graphene layer to a prestretched polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane to achieve wavy graphene with enhanced stretchability. [17] Similarly, patterning the nonstretchable active materials such as InGaZnO and gold to stretchable geometries such as serpentine, zigzag, or honeycomb [18] has been explored. Alternatively, stress-absorbing substrates, namely, mogul [15] or kirigami [8b] patterned substrates have been utilized to achieve stretchable PDs. [8b,15] However, most of the PDs have limitations either in the device performance, [8b,c,17] such as poor photocurrent ratio and slow response/recovery time or in the device Wearable UV photodetectors (PDs) have attracted interest recently for detection of excess exposure of the skin to the UV radiation. Despite numerous advances made in this direction, many challenges remain, particularly in terms of device reliability under extreme mechanical deformations simultaneously and self-powering, etc. Herein, a self-powered stretchable PD developed with kirigami-inspired honeycomb-patterned zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires (NWs) and coupled with a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG...

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Bioinspired Distributed Energy in Robotics and Enabling Technologies

Mukherjee

Ganguly

Dahiya

2021

Advanced Intelligent Systems

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Robotics has advanced tremendously from performing simple pick-and-place tasks in structured environments to operating in a range of real-world environments and terrains full of uncertainties. Often these advances have been motivated by biological systems. [1] As a result, the field has grown from simple robotic arms performing preprogrammed industrial tasks [2] to human/ animal-like robots or prosthetic devices that autonomously conduct wide-ranging tasks using various sensory modalities. [3][4][5] The advances in robotics have closely followed the developments in the fields of functional materials, sensing, actuation, and communication technologies, as well as artificial intelligence, which altogether have enabled robots to mimic the morphology and functionalities of biological systems to a high degree. [6] As an example, the implementation of large-area tactile skin or electronic skin (e-skin) has allowed robots to exploit tactile feedback from the whole body for working in unstructured or cluttered environments, just as animals do. [5,7] Likewise, miniaturized and yet powerful actuators and electronic components have allowed the development of dexterous hands and agile robots. [8] In recent years, 3D/4D printing has also opened the ways for the development of sensitized robots with complex shapes and soft structures. [9,10] Thus, advances in robotics have closely followed the technological advances in other areas such as electronic hardware, advanced materials, and manufacturing. However, there is one critical area where robotics appears to have largely missed to follow the technological trend, i.e., the energy needed to power the robots.A reliable source of energy is critical for the smooth operation of autonomous robots, particularly in environments where mains power is not readily available. In fact, the majority of applications today require robots to be autonomous, and as such, they must rely wholly on batteries for their source of power. Analyzing the state of the art, we note that not much progress has been made in terms of adopting the advanced energy solutions in the robot, despite major advances in battery technology. [11] Starting from the first autonomous wheel-based robot Shakey [12] in 1966 to the state-of-the-art humanoid robots developed during the last 30 years and the quadrupedal MIT cheetah robot [13] of 2018, the battery the autonomous robots use has improved only in terms of light weight and energy density (Figure 1). [14][15][16] In contrast, the energy-storage technology itself has evolved from the bulky and leaky liquid electrolyte-based systems [17,18] to printed batteries, flexible supercapacitors (SCs) with safe electrolytes, and elegant textile-based devices. [19][20][21][22] The battery technology has improved in terms of a Watt-to-weight ratio, form factors, lifetime, ruggedness (thermal and chemical), etc., and nowadays, flexible, stretchable, and printed batteries are increasingly being explored.The energy requirement of robots can also be met with the harvesting of renewa...

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Stretchable Systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 345 publications

Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO₃ UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO₃ UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Kirigami and Mogul‐Patterned Ultra‐Stretchable High‐Performance ZnO Nanowires‐Based Photodetector

Bioinspired Distributed Energy in Robotics and Enabling Technologies

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Stretchable Systems

Cited by 6 publications

References 345 publications

Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO3 UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO3 UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Kirigami and Mogul‐Patterned Ultra‐Stretchable High‐Performance ZnO Nanowires‐Based Photodetector

Bioinspired Distributed Energy in Robotics and Enabling Technologies

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Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO₃ UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes

Cost‐Effective and Flexible Scalable Fabrication of WO₃ UV Photodetectors with Enhanced Performance via Integrated LIG Electrodes