Stretchable Electrode Based on Laterally Combed Carbon Nanotubes for Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices

Hong, Seong Wook; Lee, Jongsu; Do, Kyungsik; Lee, Minbaek; Kim, Ji Hoon; Lee, Sangkyu; Kim, Dae‐Hyeong

doi:10.1002/adfm.201704353

Cited by 119 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…MWCNT-alginate hydrogels have been previously explored by Joddar et al [27], with a focus on mechanical properties-notably with overall declining performance above 1 mg/mL of MWCNT (to a tested max of 5 mg/mL). Hong et al [28] integrated single-walled CNTs in poly (dimethyl siloxane) and analyzed their electrical characteristics in various circuits, as well as under differing mechanical strain. Sudha et al [29] created an MWCNT-polyacrylamide hydrogel, exploring dehydration and rehydration properties, with a brief examination of their conductivities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Thibodeau

Ignaszak

2020

Polymers

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A polyacrylamide-alginate hydrogel electrolyte, blended with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) as an electronically conductive fraction, allows for the creation of a flexible, durable, and resilient electrode. The MWCNT content is correlated with mechanical characteristics such as stretch modulus, tensile resistance, and electrical conductivity. The mechanical analysis demonstrates tensile strength that is comparable to similar hydrogels reported in the literature, with increasing strength for MWCNT-embedded hydrogels. The impedance spectroscopy reveals that the total resistance of electrodes decreases with increasing MWCNT content upon elongation and that bending and twisting do not obstruct their conductivity. The MWCNT-inserted hydrogels show mixed ionic and electronic conductivities, both within a range of 1-4 × 10 −2 S cm −1 in a steady state. In addition, the thermal stability of these materials increases with incrementing MWCNT content. This observation agrees with long-term charge-discharge cycling that shows enhanced electrochemical durability of the MWCNT-hydrogel hybrid when compared to pure hydrogel electrolyte. The hydrogel-carbon films demonstrate an increased interfacial double-layer current at a high MWCNT content (giving an area-specific capacitance of~30 mF cm −2 at 2.79 wt.% of MWCNT), which makes them promising candidates as printable and flexible electrodes for lightweight energy storage applications. The maximum content of MWCNT within the polymer electrolyte was estimated at 2.79 wt.%, giving a very elastic polymer electrode with good electrical characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they are excellent double-layer capacitors that cannot be outperformed by more affordable carbons. Thus, CNTs are of interest in energy harvesting and reposition applications [28,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Thibodeau

Ignaszak

2020

Polymers

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“…For example, a compact self-powered system integrating TENG in single-electrode mode was reported, where MXene-based stretchable supercapacitor was attached onto skin as the ground electrode. [237] In this integrated system, the metallic coil charged the LIB and supercapacitor wirelessly, and the TENG accelerated the charging rate. Although this mode of TENG had great application potential, difficulty in fabrication process posed a challenge.…”

Section: Triboelectricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Piezoelectricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretchable Supercapacitors as Emergent Energy Storage Units for Health Monitoring Bioelectronics

Chen

Villa

Zhuang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

104

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Emerging health monitoring bioelectronics require energy storage units with improved stretchability, biocompatibility, and self‐charging capability. Stretchable supercapacitors hold great potential for such systems due to their superior specific capacitances, power densities, and tissue‐conforming properties, as compared to both batteries and conventional capacitors. Despite the rapid progress that has been made in supercapacitor research, practical applications in health monitoring bioelectronics have yet to be achieved, requiring innovations in materials, device configurations, and fabrications tailored for such applications. In this review, the progress in stretchable supercapacitor‐powered health monitoring bioelectronics is summarized and the required specifications of supercapacitors for different types of application settings with varying demands on biocompatibility are discussed, including nontouching wearables, skin‐touching wearables, skin‐conforming wearables, and implantables. The perspective of this review is then broadened to focus on integration of stretchable supercapacitors in bioelectronics and aspects of energy harvesting and sensing. Finally further insights on the existing challenges in this developing field and potential solutions are provided.

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“…Nonstretchable inorganic electronic materials, such as gold, copper, and silver, change the geometric structure to fit the stretched substrates. With low-cost fabrication methods, such as direct printing [20,25] and transfer printing, [21] these materials have been highly successfully used to fabricate stretchable circuits, [26] sensing arrays, [27] and near field communication antennae. Alternatively, other inorganic electronic materials, such as nanoparticles [19][20][21] and carbon nanotubes, [22][23][24] are deposited on elastomer substrates to form a thin nanopath that can be extended when the substrates are stretched.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semi‐Liquid‐Metal‐(Ni‐EGaIn)‐Based Ultraconformable Electronic Tattoo

Guo

Sun

Yao

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Technologies

127

129

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silicon wafer, electronic skin, which is usually fabricated with mechanically compliant materials (low modulus, stretchable, and flexible) overcomes the fundamental mismatch between rigid devices and soft biological tissues. [13,14] At present, inorganic and organic electronic materials integrated with elastomeric substrates are the two popular approaches to fabricate electronic skin. Nonstretchable inorganic electronic materials, such as gold, copper, and silver, change the geometric structure to fit the stretched substrates. [15][16][17][18] It is obvious that the complicated, expensive fabrication methods, and limited stretchability of inorganic electronic materials restrict their widespread application. Alternatively, other inorganic electronic materials, such as nanoparticles [19][20][21] and carbon nanotubes, [22][23][24] are deposited on elastomer substrates to form a thin nanopath that can be extended when the substrates are stretched. With low-cost fabrication methods, such as direct printing [20,25] and transfer printing, [21] these materials have been highly successfully used to fabricate stretchable circuits, [26] sensing arrays, [27] and near field communication antennae. [21] Meanwhile, organic electronic materials, such as conductive small molecules and polymers and carbon-based conductive materials, [28] have good stretchability and their special chemical groups provide good conductivity. [29][30][31] However, the conductivities of nanoparticle layers and organic electronic materials are far lower than those of metal conductors. Thus, it is of great importance to develop new materials with both excellent conductivity and stretchability. Most electronic skin is fabricated on a flat device and subsequently transferred to skin. We suggest that the new conductive materials be directly printed onto the skin using a low-cost preparation method and be super-compliant and customizable.Liquid metal (eutectic gallium-indium, EGaIn) is an attractive conductive material that has shown significant promise for broad applications in flexible electronics. With its high electrical conductivity (EGaIn: 3.4 × 10 6 S m −1 ) [32] and excellent fluidity, [33] liquid metal has attracted great interest in many applications, such as stretchable antennae, [34,35] bioelectrodes, [36] strain sensors, [37] pressure sensors, [38] loudspeakers, [39] and soft robots. [40] Additionally, gallium is nontoxic with low vapor pressure, [41] which can be useful in an ambient environment. [42] Meanwhile, various patterning techniques of liquid metal have also been developed, such as microchannel injection, [43] atomized Because of its seamless skin interface, electronic skin has attracted increasing attention in the field of biomedical sensors and medical devices. Most electronic skins are based on organic or inorganic electronic materials. However, the low flexibility of inorganic materials and the limited conductivity of organic materials restricts their widespread use. A new approach is reported to fabricate electronic tattoos from N...

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Stretchable Electrode Based on Laterally Combed Carbon Nanotubes for Wearable Energy Harvesting and Storage Devices

Cited by 119 publications

References 42 publications

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Stretchable Supercapacitors as Emergent Energy Storage Units for Health Monitoring Bioelectronics

Semi‐Liquid‐Metal‐(Ni‐EGaIn)‐Based Ultraconformable Electronic Tattoo

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