Stretch-induced, steady-state force enhancement in single skeletal muscle fibers exceeds the isometric force at optimum fiber length

Rassier, Dilson E.; Herzog, Walter; Wakeling, James M.; Syme, Douglas A.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(03)00155-6

Cited by 90 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There was no evidence of any passive forces in any of the reference or stretch contractions. Furthermore, there was no evidence of passive force enhancement as reported previously when single fibres were stretched while activated on the descending limb of the force-length relationship (Herzog and Leonard, 2002;Rassier et al, 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…However, it has been shown that stretch-induced, steadystate force in single skeletal muscle fibres can exceed the isometric force at optimal length. Herzog and Leonard (2002) and Rassier et al (2003) found evidence for the recruitment of a passive elastic element that contributed to the force enhancement. They suggested that possibly this 'passive force enhancement' may account for the steady-state forces above the isometric reference force at optimal fibre lengths.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Force enhancement in single skeletal muscle fibres on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship

Peterson

Rassier

Herzog

2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARY It has been assumed that force enhancement in single fibres of skeletal muscles only occurs on the descending, and not the ascending or plateau region, of the force–length relationship. This assumption has been based, however, on theoretical considerations or isolated experiments, in which neither stretch conditions nor fibre lengths were optimized for force enhancement. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the residual, steady-state force enhancement following active stretch in single muscle fibres of frog on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship. Twenty-nine stretch experiments on ten single fibres from the lumbrical muscle of the frog Rana pipiens were carried out on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship. Force enhancement was observed in 28 out of the 29 tests. Moreover, the force produced for stretch experiments finishing at optimal fibre length always exceeded the force obtained for an isometric contraction at optimal length. We conclude from these results that steady-state force enhancement occurs systematically on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship, and that the steady-state force in the enhanced state can easily exceed the maximal isometric force of the fibre.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force enhancement in single skeletal muscle fibres on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship

Peterson

Rassier

Herzog

2004

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…Recent evidence shows that the PEVK segments of titin bind Ca 2C with high affinity (Tatsumi et al 2001), and that increasing Ca 2C concentration enhances force produced by titin at a given sarcomere length (Labeit et al 2003), suggesting a link between Ca 2C -induced activation and force produced by titin. In studies conducted in our laboratory with singlemuscle fibres (Rassier et al 2003;Rassier & Herzog 2004a,b), whole muscles (Herzog & Leonard 2002;Herzog et al 2003) and human muscles (Lee & Herzog 2002), we observed that passive force is increased when activated muscles are stretched along the descending limb of the force-length relationship, when compared with the passive forces following passive stretches or isometric contractions at the corresponding lengths. We refer to this phenomenon as passive force enhancement (Herzog & Leonard 2002;Herzog et al 2003;Rassier et al 2003;Rassier & Herzog 2004a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Modulation of passive force in single skeletal muscle fibres

2005

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In this study, we investigated the effects of activation and stretch on the passive forcesarcomere length relationship in skeletal muscle. Single fibres from the lumbrical muscle of frogs were placed at varying sarcomere lengths on the descending limb of the forcesarcomere length relationship, and tetanic contractions, active stretches and passive stretches (amplitudes of ca 10% of fibre length at a speed of 40% fibre length/s) were performed. The passive forces following stretch of an activated fibre were higher than the forces measured after isometric contractions or after stretches of a passive fibre at the corresponding sarcomere length. This effect was more pronounced at increased sarcomere lengths, and the passive force-sarcomere length relationship following active stretch was shifted upwards on the force axis compared with the corresponding relationship obtained following isometric contractions or passive stretches. These results provide strong evidence for an increase in passive force that is mediated by a length-dependent combination of stretch and activation, while activation or stretch alone does not produce this effect. Based on these results and recently published findings of the effects of Ca 2C on titin stiffness, we propose that the observed increase in passive force is caused by the molecular spring titin.

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“…At this angle, it can be speculated that the sarcomeres are in an "excellent" position for the formation of cross-bridges. Since the muscles are slightly stretched, there is a contribution from the elastic elements of the muscles, to force production 21,22,23 . After this point, the force decreases because of the muscle shortening and because of the reduced possibility of forming new crossbridges 11,23,24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critérios mecânicos para progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa do ombro no plano sagital

Toledo

Ribeiro

Loss

2007

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Introduction: Knowledge of torque and force production capacity and moment arm patterns throughout the movement, and their influence on the torque produced, are essential for understanding human movement and may be of great use for controlling the overload imposed on the muscle-tendon structure. Objective: To present mechanical criteria for progression in internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) exercises of the shoulder in the sagittal plane. Method: Six individuals were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer and an electrogoniometer. From the data collected, the mean torque, mean resultant force and weighted mean moment arm were calculated using the SAD32 and Matlab ® software. Results: The angles at which the peak ER and IR torque occurred were -34° and 6º with values of 43 Nm and 69 Nm, respectively. The peaks for ER and IR muscle force were at 35º and -14º, and the values at these angles were 10227 N and 8464 N, respectively. The weighted mean moment arm for ER presented an increasing pattern over the whole range of motion (ROM) and the peak was at the end of the ROM, i.e. at -50º (0.91 cm). The weighted mean moment arm for IR was almost constant with its peak at 50º (0.96 cm). Conclusion: The mechanical criteria for progression in internal and external rotation exercises of the shoulder are torque, force and weighted mean moment arm because different overloads on the muscle-tendon structure can be caused according to their patterns over the ROM.

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Stretch-induced, steady-state force enhancement in single skeletal muscle fibers exceeds the isometric force at optimum fiber length

Cited by 90 publications

References 22 publications

Force enhancement in single skeletal muscle fibres on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship

Force enhancement in single skeletal muscle fibres on the ascending limb of the force–length relationship

Modulation of passive force in single skeletal muscle fibres

Critérios mecânicos para progressão de exercícios de rotação interna e externa do ombro no plano sagital

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