Stressors and work-family conflict among female teachers in urban public schools in Kenya

Muasya, Gladys

doi:10.15700/saje.v40n2a1769

“…Rural women rely on selling a variety of farm produce for financial sustenance, and also to provide support to diverse family needs, from purchasing food to educating their children, farm produce consists the main supply of food and nutrition to families. In a study of stressors and work family conflict among urban female teachers, Muasya (2020) found that low income was a stressor to teachers with low income which further made them seek extra sources of income exacerbating their work life balance challenges. In addition, severe and prolonged droughts associated with climate change have been prevalent in the study sites, particularly Makueni County in the last 5 years, resulting into massive crop failures and livestock deaths (Amwata et al 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya

Nzengya

¹

,

Maguta

²

2021

African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation

0

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Extreme climate change events such as frequent and prolonged droughts or floods associated with climate change can be very disruptive to peoples’ livelihoods particularly in rural settings, where people rely on the immediate environment for livelihood. Shocks in the people’s livelihoods can trigger diverse responses that include migration as a coping or adaption strategy. Migration takes many forms depending on the context and resources availability. Very few studies in Kenya have used qualitative analysis to bring up women’s voices in relation to gender, climate change, and migration, especially along hydrological gradient. This chapter presents results of qualitative research conducted from 58 participants in 2018 in three counties in Kenya, namely, Kiambu County, Machakos, and Makueni. The study sought to examine gender perceptions related to climate-induced migration, that is: whether climate change is perceived to be affecting women’s livelihood differently from that of men; examine in what ways experiences of climate induced migration differed for men and women; explore perceptions on the county government efforts to cope with climate-induced migration; and examine perceptions of the role of nongovernmental agencies in helping citizens cope with climate change. From the results obtained on ways in which climate change affected women livelihoods more than men had four themes: (1) women exerted more strain in domestic chores, child/family care, and in the farm labor; (2) women also experienced more time demands. The sources of water and firewood were getting more scarce leading to women travel long distances in search to fetch water and firewood; (3) reduced farm yields, hence inadequate food supply; and (4) the effects of time and strain demands on women was a contributory factor to women poor health and domestic conflicts. Several measures that the county government could take to assist women to cope with climate change-induced migration had five themes which include the following: (1) developing climate change mitigations, and reducing deforestation; (2) increasing water harvesting and storage; (3) develop smart agriculture through the use of drought-resistant crops and drought mitigation education; (4) encourage diversification of livelihoods; and finally (5) providing humanitarian assistance to the most vulnerable populations such as orphans and the very poor. Thirdly, the measures mentioned that NGO’s could take to assist rural communities to cope with climate change-induced migration did not vary significantly from those mentioned for county government, except probably for a new theme of increasing advocacy for climate adaption policies.

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“…performance, increased absenteeism, and tardiness as the important indicators. Other studies emphasized distrust in others(Muasya, 2020), organizational silence(Polat et al, 2018), perceived pressure(Kleiner et al, 2017), perceived role con ict and emotional exhaustion(Jensen et al, 2016), organizational pessimism(Ju et al, 2015), and isolation(Demsky et al, 2014) Kengatharan (2015). found that the indicators of workfamily con ict were depression, psychological distress, anger, poor appetite, stomach upset, headache, hypertension, heavy drinking, cigarette use, job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, declining performance, tardiness, and reduced satisfaction with marital life and family life.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Model of Factors Affecting Work-Family Conflict and Its Indicators: A Fuzzy Total Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach

arghavan,

Alimohammadlou,

amini

2024

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Objective The imbalance between work and family life, otherwise called work-family conflict, represents one of the major challenges that individuals encounter in the twenty-first century. Given this issue, the present study seeks to identify the factors affecting work-family conflict and its indicators and to interpret the relationships between them. Method The study used qualitative and quantitative approaches and involved three stages. At stage 1, the meta-synthesis method was employed to screen 3204 publications, as a result of which 391 ones were selected. The contents of these publications were analyzed to identify work-family conflict indicators. At stage 2, all of the employees working for the branches of such banks as Melli, Mellat, Pasargad, Sepah, Shahr, Tejarat, and Iran Zamin, and Refah Kargaran in Lar city, Iran, were included as samples based on the census method. Next, the impacts of the factors identified on the employees’ work-family conflict were measured and examined. At stage 3, the opinions of 22 experts in the banking industry of Lar city were analyzed based on paired comparisons through the fuzzy total interpretive structural modeling (FISM) method. Findings : The study revealed that the effective factors fell under four dimensions, namely “occupational”, “familial”, “individual”, and “environmental.” Furthermore, the work-family conflict indicators were “doubt, hesitation, and caution”, “anxiety and distress”, “a sense of emptiness”, “physical health issues”, “occupational problems”, and “family problems.” There was a cause-effect relationship between the factors affecting work-family conflict and its indicators. The factors and indicators were divided into eight level partitions as described below: (a) the first level (receiving the highest impact): “quality of family life”, “psychological growth”, “adaptive behavior”, “a sense of emptiness”, and “family problems”; (b) the second level: “inability to self-organize” and “physical health issues”; (c) the third level: “locus of control” and “spiritual intelligence”; (d) the fourth level: “passion for work and the organization”, “time pressure imposed by family”, “pressure of family expectations”, “doubt, hesitation, and caution”, “anxiety and distress”, and “occupational problems”; (e) the fifth level: “occupational welfare and support schemes”, “a supportive leadership style”, “caregiving and nursing courses”, and “cultural conditions; (f) the sixth level: “time pressure at work” and “occupational risks and conflicts”; (g) the seventh level: “background characteristics”, “the importance of occupational roles”, “dynamic inter-role demands”, “social conditions”, and “economic insecurity”; and (h) the eighth level (most effective level): “the pressure of job demands” and “a human-centered organizational architecture”

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Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya

Nzengya

¹

,

Maguta

²

2021

African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extreme climate change events such as frequent and prolonged droughts or floods associated with climate change can be very disruptive to peoples’ livelihoods particularly in rural settings, where people rely on the immediate environment for livelihood. Shocks in the people’s livelihoods can trigger diverse responses that include migration as a coping or adaption strategy. Migration takes many forms depending on the context and resources availability. Very few studies in Kenya have used qualitative analysis to bring up women’s voices in relation to gender, climate change, and migration, especially along hydrological gradient. This chapter presents results of qualitative research conducted from 58 participants in 2018 in three counties in Kenya, namely, Kiambu County, Machakos, and Makueni. The study sought to examine gender perceptions related to climate-induced migration, that is: whether climate change is perceived to be affecting women’s livelihood differently from that of men; examine in what ways experiences of climate induced migration differed for men and women; explore perceptions on the county government efforts to cope with climate-induced migration; and examine perceptions of the role of nongovernmental agencies in helping citizens cope with climate change. From the results obtained on ways in which climate change affected women livelihoods more than men had four themes: (1) women exerted more strain in domestic chores, child/family care, and in the farm labor; (2) women also experienced more time demands. The sources of water and firewood were getting more scarce leading to women travel long distances in search to fetch water and firewood; (3) reduced farm yields, hence inadequate food supply; and (4) the effects of time and strain demands on women was a contributory factor to women poor health and domestic conflicts. Several measures that the county government could take to assist women to cope with climate change-induced migration had five themes which include the following: (1) developing climate change mitigations, and reducing deforestation; (2) increasing water harvesting and storage; (3) develop smart agriculture through the use of drought-resistant crops and drought mitigation education; (4) encourage diversification of livelihoods; and finally (5) providing humanitarian assistance to the most vulnerable populations such as orphans and the very poor. Thirdly, the measures mentioned that NGO’s could take to assist rural communities to cope with climate change-induced migration did not vary significantly from those mentioned for county government, except probably for a new theme of increasing advocacy for climate adaption policies.

show abstract

Stressors and work-family conflict among female teachers in urban public schools in Kenya

Cited by 7 publications

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Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya

Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya

A Model of Factors Affecting Work-Family Conflict and Its Indicators: A Fuzzy Total Interpretive Structural Modeling Approach

Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya

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