“…Estuaries and coasts are among the ecosystems that are immensely threatened yet valuable to people (Costanza et al, 1997). Our understanding of global change in estuaries and coasts is derived from regional field studies (e.g., hypoxia effects on flatfish in Elkhorn Slough, CA, USA; Hughes et al, 2015), small-scale experiments (e.g., additive, antagonistic, or synergistic stressor effects on macroalgae; Vye, Emmerson, Arenas, Dick, & O'Connor, 2015), meta-analyses (e.g., synthesizing interactive and cumulative effects of stressors; Crain, Kroeker, & Halpern, 2008), conceptual and theoretical models (e.g., Vinebrooke et al, 2004), and reviews (e.g., syntheses of multiple stressors on coral reefs; Harborne, Rogers, Bozec, & Mumby, 2017). Our understanding of global change in estuaries and coasts is derived from regional field studies (e.g., hypoxia effects on flatfish in Elkhorn Slough, CA, USA; Hughes et al, 2015), small-scale experiments (e.g., additive, antagonistic, or synergistic stressor effects on macroalgae; Vye, Emmerson, Arenas, Dick, & O'Connor, 2015), meta-analyses (e.g., synthesizing interactive and cumulative effects of stressors; Crain, Kroeker, & Halpern, 2008), conceptual and theoretical models (e.g., Vinebrooke et al, 2004), and reviews (e.g., syntheses of multiple stressors on coral reefs; Harborne, Rogers, Bozec, & Mumby, 2017).…”