“Stressed” About Air Pollution

Brook, Robert D.; Rajagopalan, Sanjay

doi:10.1161/circulationaha.117.029688

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…With few exceptions, researchers evaluated IHL intervention use over short durations and measured only subclinical health endpoints. We support calls for studies of long-term use and clinically relevant outcomes [133,134]. In addition, little is currently known about the long-term developmental impacts from use of these interventions by pregnant women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Individual- and Household-Level Interventions to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures and Health Risks: a Review of the Recent Literature

Allen

Barn

2020

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review We reviewed recent peer-reviewed literature on three categories of individual- and household-level interventions against air pollution: air purifiers, facemasks, and behavior change. Recent Findings High-efficiency particulate air/arresting (HEPA) filter air purifier use over days to weeks can substantially reduce fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations indoors and improve subclinical cardiopulmonary health. Modeling studies suggest that the population-level benefits of HEPA filter air purification would often exceed costs. Well-fitting N95 and equivalent respirators can reduce PM2.5 exposure, with several randomized crossover studies also reporting improvements in subclinical cardiovascular health. The health benefits of other types of face coverings have not been tested and their effectiveness in reducing exposure is highly variable, depends largely on fit, and is unrelated to cost. Behavior modifications may reduce exposure, but there has been little research on health impacts. Summary There is now substantial evidence that HEPA filter air purifiers reduce indoor PM2.5 concentrations and improve subclinical health indicators. As a result, their use is being recommended by a growing number of government and public health organizations. Several studies have also reported subclinical cardiovascular health benefits from well-fitting respirators, while evidence of health benefits from other types of facemasks and behavior changes remains very limited. In situations when emissions cannot be controlled at the source, such as during forest fires, individual- or household-level interventions may be the primary option. In most cases, however, such interventions should be supplemental to emission reduction efforts that benefit entire communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Individual- and Household-Level Interventions to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures and Health Risks: a Review of the Recent Literature

Allen

Barn

2020

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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“…Air pollution seriously endangers the natural environment and people's health, thus attracting more and more attention around the world. 1,2 As some of the main pollutants of air, nitrogen oxides are mainly produced by the combustion process of fossil fuels such as automobile exhaust and thermal power. 3–5 Nitrogen oxides not only cause damage to the human respiratory tract, but also cause cancer in severe cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raspberry-like TiO₂ hollow spheres consisting of small nanocrystals towards efficient NO removal

Zhang

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci.: Nano

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“…According to the Ambient Air Quality Guide of the World Health Organization (WHO), 95% of the world population lives in areas exceeding the recommended values [1]. The most recent estimates revealed that 4.2 million deaths (7.6% of total global mortality and 700,000 more deaths in 2015 compared with 1990) are attributable to ambient particulate matter 2.5 (PM 2.5 ) [2]. PM is a widespread complex mixture of solid and liquid particles suspended in air that vary in size, shape, origin, and composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure Triggers Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in BALB/c Mice: A Pilot Study

Rojas

Saavedra

et al. 2022

Toxics

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The particulate matter present in air pollution is a complex mixture of solid and liquid particles that vary in size, origin, and composition, among which are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Although exposure to PAHs has become an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the mechanisms by which these compounds contribute to increased cardiovascular risk have not been fully explored. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of PAH exposure on systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines and markers of endothelial dysfunction. An intervention was designed using a murine model composed of twenty BALB/c male mice separated into controls and three groups exposed to a mixture of phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene using three different concentrations. The serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines and gene expression of adhesion molecules located on endothelial cells along with inflammatory markers related to PAH exposure in aortic tissue were determined. Furthermore, the expression of the ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 proteins was evaluated. The data showed significant differences in IL-6 and IFN-γ in the serum. In the gene expression, significant differences for ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-Selectin were observed. The results suggest that phenanthrene, fluoranthene, and pyrene, present in air pollution, stimulate the increase in serum inflammatory cytokines and the expression of markers of endothelial dysfunction in the murine model studied, both relevant characteristics associated with the onset of disease atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.

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“Stressed” About Air Pollution

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Individual- and Household-Level Interventions to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures and Health Risks: a Review of the Recent Literature

Individual- and Household-Level Interventions to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures and Health Risks: a Review of the Recent Literature

Raspberry-like TiO₂ hollow spheres consisting of small nanocrystals towards efficient NO removal

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure Triggers Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in BALB/c Mice: A Pilot Study

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“Stressed” About Air Pollution

Cited by 14 publications

References 15 publications

Individual- and Household-Level Interventions to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures and Health Risks: a Review of the Recent Literature

Individual- and Household-Level Interventions to Reduce Air Pollution Exposures and Health Risks: a Review of the Recent Literature

Raspberry-like TiO2 hollow spheres consisting of small nanocrystals towards efficient NO removal

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Exposure Triggers Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction in BALB/c Mice: A Pilot Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Raspberry-like TiO₂ hollow spheres consisting of small nanocrystals towards efficient NO removal