Stress whitening and yielding mechanism of rubber-modified PVC

Breuer, H.; Haaf, Franz; Stabenow, J.

doi:10.1080/00222347708212908

Cited by 156 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These results support the previous findings from previous researchers which concluded that unlike polystyrene (which is very brittle in the untoughened state), crazing is not the main toughening mechanism in rubber-toughened PVC (which is relatively more ductile in the untoughened state) [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Impact properties of acrylate rubber-modified PVC: Influence of temperature

Hassan

Haworth

2006

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Impact properties of acrylate rubber-modified PVC: Influence of temperature

Hassan

Haworth

2006

Journal of Materials Processing Technology

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“…Steger and Nielsen [34] related the increase of light scattering efficiency to the formation, relative size, and concentration of micro-voids during deformation of high impact polystyrene (HIPS). It was also proposed that the optical inhomogeneities that increased the opacity were a consequence of fluctuations in the density of voids and related to changes in the structure (crystal orientation) [60]. In polypropylene, crazes and associated micro-voids produced stress whitening [61][62][63].…”

Section: Effect Of Organoclay and Sebs-g-ma On Mechanical Properties mentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro- and nano-scale deformation behavior of nylon 66-based binary and ternary nanocomposites

Dasari

Yang

et al. 2006

Composites Science and Technology

103

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“…Breuer et al, 18 through the study on pure SAN, suggested that under a high straining rate, such as that introduced in the Izod impact test, chain scission is encouraged, making craze the favorite deformation mechanism. This is consistent with our observation that matrix crazing is more extensive in Izod specimens than in the tensile specimens.…”

Section: Microdeformation Behaviormentioning

confidence: 98%

Toughness of SMI-modified ABS alloys and the associated deformation behavior

Jar

Kuboki

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The mechanical toughness of modified ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) alloys was evaluated using Izod impact, tensile, and compact tension tests. The modified ABS alloys contain 20 wt % of styrene-N-phenylmaleimide (SMI) that is added to enhance the thermal resistance of the ABS. In this study, the effects of matrix composition, rubber/ matrix adhesion, and rubber particle structure on the alloy toughness were investigated. Results from the tensile test and Izod impact test ranked the alloys in an order that is different from that given by K Ii (stress intensity factor for crack initiation), measured from compact tension specimens. This is due to the difference in energy-absorption characteristics for crack initiation and crack growth. The conclusion is supported by optical micrographs on the deformation zone size. The microdeformation behavior of the alloys was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed different rubbertoughening mechanisms between Izod and tensile specimens. The former contains numerous extensive crazes, while the latter, only a very few short crazes, except in regions within a few micrometers from the fracture surface. The dominant matrix deformation mechanism for the tensile specimens is believed to be shear deformation. Another interesting observation from the study is rubber particle cavitation, commonly observed in tensile specimens and Izod specimens with solid rubber particles; it did not occur in the Izod specimens containing salami-type rubber particles. This is attributed to the salami structure that increased the straining rate for the rubber phase, leading to ductile-brittle transition of the rubber. The transition to brittle deformation of the rubber phase prevented rubber particle cavitation. The microscopic examination indicated that toughening mechanisms by the rubber particles can be very different among the mechanical tests, which should be taken into account for the rubber toughening of polymers.

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Stress whitening and yielding mechanism of rubber-modified PVC

Cited by 156 publications

References 10 publications

Impact properties of acrylate rubber-modified PVC: Influence of temperature

Impact properties of acrylate rubber-modified PVC: Influence of temperature

Micro- and nano-scale deformation behavior of nylon 66-based binary and ternary nanocomposites

Toughness of SMI-modified ABS alloys and the associated deformation behavior

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