Stress Vulnerability During Adolescence

Duarte, Josiane O.; Cruz, Fábio C.; Leão, Rodrigo M.; Planeta, Cleópatra da Silva; Crestani, Carlos C.

doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000000141

Cited by 27 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…CUS increased the parasympathetic activity in normotensive Wistar rats, but a consequent change in HR baseline was buffered by an increase in intrinsic HR. Previous studies in male normotensive Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats identified a sympathetically-mediated resting tachycardia without changes in intrinsic HR following exposure to CUS protocols (Duarte et al, 2015;Grippo et al, 2002). However, to the best of our knowledge, present study is the first to identify an effect of CUS in parasympathetic activity and intrinsic HR in female rats.…”

Section: Influence Of Hypertensioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

“…The chronic stress regimens were based in protocols previously described by our group (Duarte et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2018). Therefore, RRS was chosen as a homotypic stressor, whereas CUS was used as a heterotypic stressor.…”

Section: Chronic Stress Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The animals of RRS group were restrained in opaque plastic cylinders (15 cm length and 5.5 cm internal diameter) for 1 h daily starting at 10:00 a.m. for 10 consecutive days. The CUS protocol consisted of exposure to different stressors in a variable schedule for 10 consecutive days, accordingly to protocol described in Duarte et al (2015). The stressors used in the CUS included: 1) restraint stress (60 min); 2) humid sawdust (overnight or all day); 3) cold (4°C) or room temperature isolation housing; 4) food/water deprivation (overnight); 5) swim stress (4 min); 6) lights on overnight; and 7) lights off during day (120-180 min).…”

Section: Chronic Stress Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac autonomic activity and intrinsic HR were assessed by intravenously administrating the muscarinic receptor antagonist methylatropine (3 mg/ml/kg) and the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (4 mg/ml/kg) (Almeida et al, 2015;Duarte et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2018). The protocol was performed on two separate days.…”

Section: Assessment Of Cardiac Autonomic Activity and Intrinsic Hrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in impact of CUS and RRS on cardiovascular function are less clear. Indeed, studies comparing these two chronic stressors have reported similar mild hypertension, resting tachycardia, increase in cardiac sympathetic activity, and baroreflex impairment following exposure to either stressor (Costa-Ferreira et al, 2016;Duarte et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of pre-existing hypertension on neuroendocrine and cardiovascular changes evoked by chronic stress in female rats

Vieira

Duarte

Costa-Ferreira

et al. 2018

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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This study investigated neuroendocrine, autonomic, and cardiovascular changes evoked by daily exposure to the same type of stressor (homotypic) or different aversive stressor stimuli (heterotypic) in 60-days-old female normotensive Wistar rats and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Both strains of rats were exposed for 10 consecutive days to either the homotypic stressor repeated restraint stress (RRS) or the heterotypic stressor chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). As expected, SHR had higher baseline blood pressure values and impaired baroreflex activity in relation to normotensive animals. Besides, SHR presented higher plasma corticosterone levels and decreased thymus weight. Both RRS and CUS increased baseline plasma corticosterone concentration and decreased body weight gain in both normotensive and SHR rats. In addition, both stress protocols caused hypertrophy of adrenal glands in normotensive rats. Regarding the cardiovascular effects, RRS increased basal heart rate in both rat strains, which was mediated by an increase in sympathetic tone to the heart. Besides, RRS increased baroreflex-mediated tachycardia in SHR animals, while CUS increased cardiac parasympathetic activity and pacemaker activity in normotensive rats. Taken together, these results indicate a stress type-specific effect, as identified by a vulnerability of both strains to the deleterious cardiovascular effects evoked by the homotypic stressor and a resilience to the impact of the heterotypic stressor. Vulnerability of hypertensive rats was evidenced by the absence of CUS-evoked adaptive cardiovascular responses and an increase of baroreflex tachycardia in SHR animals subjected to RRS. The somatic and HPA axis changes were overall independent of the chronic stress regimen and pre-existing hypertension.

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Section: Influence Of Hypertensioncontrasting

confidence: 48%

Section: Chronic Stress Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chronic Stress Regimensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assessment Of Cardiac Autonomic Activity and Intrinsic Hrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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