Stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and cortisol patterns in working parents

Kurina, Lianne M.; Schneider, Barbara; Waite, Linda J.

doi:10.1002/smi.998

Cited by 41 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…As the IES scores change, so too does the cortisol response when comparing categories of IES scores. The co-morbidity of PTS and depression has been noted by others (Conner & Butterfield, 2003;Franklin & Zimmerman, 2001;Kurina, Schneider, & Waite, 2004). This finding was also noted in the BCOPS Study, with the mean score of the depression index (CES-D) also increasing significantly across PTS categories.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Addictions and the Criminal Justice System, What Happens on the Other Side? Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Cortisol Measures in a Police Cohort

Austin-Ketch

Violanti

Fekedulegn

et al. 2012

Journal of Addictions Nursing

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The Buffalo Cardio-metabolic Occupational Police Stress study, an occupational cohort study of police officers, was conducted to evaluate physiologic and stress measures in a high-risk occupation where occupational exposure to difficult criminal situations can lead to physiologic and psychological health consequences among those who enforce the law. The chronic exposure to human tragedy may place police officers at special risk for mental health disorders and the potential for misuse of alcohol or drugs. While exact etiologies of post-traumatic stress were not determined by this study, overall post-traumatic stress (PTS) prevalence rates among the police officers was 35%, with 10% of individuals demonstrating severe PTS symptomatology. Waking cortisol measures tended to be higher among officers with more PTS symptomatology, with some gender related differences noted. Given the increase in incarcerations for addictions related offenses over the past 20 years and the chronic exposure to human suffering and tragedy, early recognition of PTS symptoms is essential in making the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress in high-risk occupational cohorts. Providing early entry into treatment and subsequently attempting to eliminate or minimize long-term consequences of post-traumatic stress can have a significant impact on the prevention of long term sequelae of chronic stress, such as the use or misuse of drugs or alcohol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Addictions and the Criminal Justice System, What Happens on the Other Side? Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Cortisol Measures in a Police Cohort

Austin-Ketch

Violanti

Fekedulegn

et al. 2012

Journal of Addictions Nursing

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“…Researchers have found perceived stress associated with increased (Edwards et al , 2003), decreased (O’Connor et al , 2009), or no significant difference (Lovell et al , 2011) in the cortisol waking response. Some studies have shown perceived stress associated with a flattened diurnal slope (Lovell et al , 2011; Farag et al , 2008), but others have found no significant effect (Kurina et al , 2004; Abercrombie et al , 2004). Results are also conflicting for the effects on average diurnal output (O’Connor et al , 2009; Lovell et al , 2011; Kurina et al , 2004; Edwards et al , 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived stress and biological risk: is the link stronger in Russians than in Taiwanese and Americans?

Glei

Goldman

Shkolnikov

et al. 2013

Stress

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Allostatic load theory implies a relationship between exposure to psychological stress and multi-system physiological dysregulation. We used data from population-based samples in Russia (Moscow), Taiwan, and the United States (US)—which are likely to vary widely with respect to levels of stress exposure and biological markers—to determine the magnitude of the association between perceived stress and physiological dysregulation. The measure of overall dysregulation is based on 15 markers including standard cardiovascular/metabolic risk factors as well as markers of inflammation and neuroendocrine activity. Subjective psychological stress was measured by the perceived stress scale. Only the Moscow sample demonstrated a positive association with overall dysregulation in both sexes. In the US, we found an association among women but not men. Among the Taiwanese, who report the lowest perceived stress, there was no association in women but an unexpected inverse relationship in men. The effects also varied across system-level subscores: the association with perceived stress was most consistent for standard cardiovascular/metabolic factors. Perceived stress was associated with inflammation and neuroendocrine activity in some samples. Although the evidence that exposure to stressors or perceived stress is the primary source of physiological dysregulation is generally modest, it is stronger in Russia where the level of perceived stress is particularly high. For Russia only, we also have information about heart function based on a 24h ambulatory electrocardiogram; perceived stress was consistently associated with heart rate dysregulation in Russian men and women.

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“…Previous research has shown that when the stress response is moderate and therefore concentrations remain below the CBG binding point, free cortisol appears to be representative of total cortisol (28)(29)(30) . However, previous studies which used different exercise intensities to assess the relationship between free and total cortisol have found differing results (9 10) .…”

Section: *--------------------------------------Figures 4 5 and 6 Nementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Capillary, Venous, and Salivary Cortisol Sampling after Intense Exercise

Fryer¹,

Dickson²,

Hillier³

et al. 2014

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Venipuncture is expensive, invasive, and impractical for many sport-science and clinical-based settings. Salivary free cortisol is often cited as a noninvasive practical alternative. However, when cortisol concentrations exceed the corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) point of 500 nmol/L, a lack of agreement between salivary and venous blood cortisol has been found. Alternatively, capillary blood may present a minimally invasive, cost-effective, and practical surrogate for determining cortisol concentration.Purpose:The aim of this study was to determine whether cortisol concentrations sampled from capillary blood and saliva accurately reflect those found in venous blood across a large range of concentrations after intense exercise.Methods:Eleven healthy aerobically trained male subjects were recruited. Capillary, salivary, and venous blood samples were collected before and after (immediately and 5, 10, 15, and 20 min after) a treadmill VO2 max test.Results:Capillary and venous concentrations increased at a similar rate after exercise (Cohen d.14–.33), increasing up to 15 min postexercise before a decline was seen. Salivary cortisol values increased at a slower rate than venous and capillary cortisol but continued to increase 15 min postexercise (Cohen d .19–.47 and .09–.72, respectively).Conclusions:Capillary cortisol accurately reflects concentrations assayed from venous blood across a range of values below and above the CBG binding point. Capillary sampling provides a minimally invasive, cost-effective, practical surrogate for assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary-gland function.

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Stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and cortisol patterns in working parents

Cited by 41 publications

References 52 publications

Addictions and the Criminal Justice System, What Happens on the Other Side? Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Cortisol Measures in a Police Cohort

Addictions and the Criminal Justice System, What Happens on the Other Side? Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Cortisol Measures in a Police Cohort

Perceived stress and biological risk: is the link stronger in Russians than in Taiwanese and Americans?

A Comparison of Capillary, Venous, and Salivary Cortisol Sampling after Intense Exercise

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