Stress-strain state of earth dams on undermined territories

Abstract

with the creation of a berm skeleton from concrete blocks with simultaneous dumping of a gravel filter and intense hydraulic filling of the underwater part of the channel dam without lagging behind the berm could be technically possible and economically expedient.3. In the construction of hydrostations where the cost of stone is high it is necessary to provide for the possibility of using methods of damming with the maximum use of hydraulicking. The flexible scheme of organizing damming used at the Cheboksary hydrostation completely meets this requirement.4. Damming of large rivers with the use of hydraulicking is possible also in the period of intense ice formation with a sufficient guarantee of providing a good quality of construction of the structures.5. In the case of an erodible channel it is necessary to dump the berm from both banks simultaneously to prevent deep scouring of the bottom. To reduce the consumption of stone materials, it is expedient to carry out hydraulic filling of the underwater part of the dam simultaneously with dumping the berm without lagging behind it.6. In the case of pioneer damming of rivers with an erodible channel, reliable protection of the bottom of the gap is necessary. Protection by a train of stone and rubble with a thickness of 1 m is no guarantee against scouring. The size of the stone of the train should correspond to the velocity in the gap. It should be dumped as an even layer without the formation of mounds. The need for good clearing away of the cofferdams acquires particular importance in this case.7. In the case of dumping a berm skeleton composed of large concrete blocks and elimination of the construction of a filter on its upstream slope, the formation of individual washouts at the site of closing the gap, threatening the integrity of the berm, is possible after completing the works.