Stress-strain relationship in human cadaveric plantaris tendon: A preliminary study

Walker, Leon B.; Harris, Edward; Benedict, James V.

doi:10.1007/bf02474358

Cited by 76 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Greater water infiltration of tendon tissue would increase interfibrillar spacing and decrease the overall amount of collagen in tendon tissue. The concept that increased tissue water content weakens women's tendons is supported by findings from human cadavers that air-dried plantaris tendons were 50% stronger than damp tendons (52). Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Impact of sex and chronic resistance training on human patellar tendon dry mass, collagen content, and collagen cross-linking

LeMoine

Lee²,

Trappe³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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LeMoine JK, Lee JD, Trappe TA. Impact of sex and chronic resistance training on human patellar tendon dry mass, collagen content, and collagen cross-linking. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 296: R119 -R124, 2009. First published October 22, 2008 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.90607.2008.-Collagen content and cross-linking are believed to be major determinants of tendon structural integrity and function. Sex and chronic resistance training have been shown to alter tendon function and may also alter the key structural features of tendon. Patellar tendon biopsies were taken from untrained men [n ϭ 8, 1 repetition maximum (RM) ϭ 53 Ϯ 3 kg], untrained women (n ϭ 8, 1 RM ϭ 29 Ϯ 2 kg), and resistance-trained (10 Ϯ 1 yr of training) men (n ϭ 8, 1 RM ϭ 71 Ϯ 6 kg). Biopsies were analyzed for dry mass, collagen content, and collagen cross-linking (hydroxylysylpyridinoline). We hypothesized that these elements of tendon structure would be lower in women than men, whereas chronic resistance training would increase these parameters in men. Tendon dry mass was significantly lower in women than men (343 Ϯ 5 vs. 376 Ϯ 8 g dry mass/mg tendon wet wt, P Ͻ 0.01) and was not influenced by chronic resistance training (P Ͼ 0.05). The lower tendon dry mass in women tended to reduce (P ϭ 0.08) collagen content per tendon wet weight. Collagen content of the tendon dry mass was not influenced by sex or resistance training (P Ͼ 0.05). Similarly, cross-linking of collagen was unaltered (P Ͼ 0.05) by sex or training. Although sex alters the water content of patellar tendon tissue, any changes in tendon function with sex or chronic resistance training in men do not appear to be explained by alterations in collagen content or cross-linking of collagen within the dry mass component of the tendon. human tendon; water content; hydroxyproline; hydroxylysylpyridinoline TENDONS ARE THE FIBROELASTIC structures that connect muscle to bone and convey muscular force (5,22,23). The tensile strength of tendon tissue is estimated to be 50 -100 N/mm 2 (5), a key feature as tendons are subjected daily to high forces. The composition of tendon tissue influences its strength and integrity, playing a key role in force transmission through the muscle-tendon complex (23). Animal and human cadaver studies indicate that tendon tissue is ϳ55-70% water (5, 23), with the remaining dry mass containing the extracellular matrix and tendon cells (5,22). Collagen is the main protein component of tendon tissue, comprising ϳ65-75% of the dry mass (5,22,23). Collagen molecules are joined into fibrils and fibers by lysine-based cross-links [hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) and lysylpyridinoline (LP)] (7,22,23,30). Tendon dry mass, collagen content, and cross-links have been shown to impact tendon strength and mechanical properties (22,23,30,52).Tendon tissue is dynamic, highly metabolic, and quite responsive to exercise (23,24,29,34). Tendons should therefore adapt in a positive manner to long-term loading, becoming more damage resistant and ensuring optimal muscular force transmissi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Collagen molecules are joined into fibrils and fibers by lysine-based cross-links [hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) and lysylpyridinoline (LP)] (7,22,23,30). Tendon dry mass, collagen content, and cross-links have been shown to impact tendon strength and mechanical properties (22,23,30,52).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of sex and chronic resistance training on human patellar tendon dry mass, collagen content, and collagen cross-linking

LeMoine

Lee²,

Trappe³

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…In addition to contributing to knee function, knowledge about the biomechanical properties of the patellar tendon is important because it is commonly used as autograft material in the reconstruction of ligaments. Tendon strength and mechanical properties are affected by tendon dry mass, collagen content, and cross-linking [13][14][15][16]. Although the impact of exercise training on collagen content and cross-linking in human tendon tissue is unknown, animal data has shown increased collagen content with chronic training and biomechanical studies have revealed that tendon stiffness increases in tendons after long exercise [17,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time sonoelastography of the patellar and quadriceps tendons: pattern description in profesional athletes and healthy volunteers.

et al. 2016

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Aims: The comparison of elastographic features of quadriceps and patellar tendons in a group of professional athletes and healthy volunteers and the description of elasticity characteristics of these tendons. Material and methods: Thirtynine professional athletes (22 male, 17 female; mean age 18.5 years) and 35 healthy volunteers (21 male, 14 female; mean age 19 years) were included. They were divided into two groups by gender. Quadriceps tendon, patellar side of the patellar tendon, and tibial side of the patellar tendon elasticity patterns and strain ratios were investigated with real-time ultrasound elastography. The elasticity features of the dominant leg and non-dominant leg of athletes and volunteers legs were compared. In addition quadriceps and patellar tendons were compared separately for three distinct tendon locations. Results: There was no difference between the athletes and the healthy volunteers and also between the dominant leg and non-dominant leg of athletes. At tendon comparison, the quadriceps tendon was harder than the patellar tendon at both side and patellar side of patellar tendon was found to be stiffer than the tibial side of patellar tendon. Conclusions: Although biomechanical studies showed that tendon stiffness increased after long exercise, no significant difference was found between athletes' and healthy volunteers' tendon elasticity. These three tendon locations exhibit different elasticity features and the knowledge of the elasticity feature will be useful in assessing tendon pathologies.

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“…The stress-strain relationship of human embalmed plantaris tendons was investigated by Walker, Harris and Benedict (1964). They found the tensile strength of dried tendons to be higher than that of moist ones.…”

Section: Postmortal Changes Of Mechanical Properties Of Ligamentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Postmortal Storage on Tensile Strength Characteristics and Histology of Rabbit Ligaments

Viidik

Sandqvist

Magi

1965

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Stress-strain relationship in human cadaveric plantaris tendon: A preliminary study

Cited by 76 publications

References 5 publications

Impact of sex and chronic resistance training on human patellar tendon dry mass, collagen content, and collagen cross-linking

Impact of sex and chronic resistance training on human patellar tendon dry mass, collagen content, and collagen cross-linking

Real-time sonoelastography of the patellar and quadriceps tendons: pattern description in profesional athletes and healthy volunteers.

Influence of Postmortal Storage on Tensile Strength Characteristics and Histology of Rabbit Ligaments

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