Stress, Natural Antioxidants and Future Perspectives

Seyidoğlu, Nilay; Aydin, Cenk

doi:10.5772/intechopen.91167

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 85 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…However, besides measuring the free radicals and other parameters in the antioxidant defense system, determination of the total oxidant and antioxidant status has been important to express the cumulative effect of oxidative stress in the organism. [ 34,63 ] An elevation of the formation of ROS and RNS in the lungs is effective in modulating redox signals. Therefore, they cause irreversible damage to highly important biomolecules such as enzymes, lipids, carbohydrates, and DNA, and initiate various pathogenic cellular processes as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

Bayrak

Yılmaz

Cakmak

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether edaravone (EDA) has a protective role against valproic acid (VPA)-induced lung damage via its antioxidative activity. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were split into four groups. Control (n = 8) rats; rats given EDA (30 mg kg −1 day −1 ; n = 10); rats given only (VPA, 500 mg kg −1 day −1 ; n = 10); rats given VPA + EDA (in the same dose and time) for 7 days. EDA and VPA were applied intraperitoneally. After 8 days, lung tissues were immediately taken from the rats. In lung homogenates, reduced glutathione, total antioxidant status levels, and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, sodium/potassium ATPase, paraoxonase1, and carbonic anhydrase activities significantly abated, whereas catalase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase activities insignificantly decreased in the VPA-treated group. In contrast, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, and total oxidant status levels, glycoprotein and protein carbonyl contents, nitric oxide, hydroxyproline levels, and xanthine oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase, arginase, and prolidase activities significantly increased in the VPA-given group. Administration of EDA caused the reverse effects. As a consequence, EDA prevented oxidative stress-mediated lung injury via its robust antioxidant effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

Bayrak

Yılmaz

Cakmak

et al. 2021

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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“…Besides measuring the free radicals and other parameters in the antioxidant defense system, the determination of the oxidant/antioxidant status (i.e., OSI) has been of great significance to express the cumulative effect of oxidative stress in organisms. [ 27,28,45 ] The present outcomes showed that ROS, TOS, and OSI levels considerably escalated, whereas TAS levels remarkably dropped in GalN given rats in both brain and cerebellum tissues. An increase in both ROS, TOS, and OSI levels and a decrease in TAS levels in these tissues of rats may indicate that oxidative stress occurs following GalN administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Oxidative brain and cerebellum injury induced byd‐galactosamine: Protective effect ofS‐methyl methionine sulfonium chloride

Mahmarzayeva

Bayrak

Türkyılmaz

et al. 2022

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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The objective of this study was to examine the protective effects of S-methyl methionine sulfonium chloride (MMSC) against galactosamine (GalN)-induced brain and cerebellum injury in rats. A total of 22 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups as follows: Group I (n = 5), intact animals; Group II (n = 6), animals received 50 mg/kg/day of MMSC by gavage technique for 3 consecutive days; Group III (n = 5), animals injected with a single dose of 500 mg/kg of GalN intraperitoneally (ip); and Group IV (n = 6), animals injected with the same dose of GalN 1 h after MMSC treatment. After 6 h of the last GalN treatment (at the end of the experiments), all animals were killed under anesthesia, brain and cerebellum tissues were dissected out. Reduced glutathione, total antioxidant status levels, and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathionerelated enzymes), aryl esterase, and carbonic anhydrase activities remarkably declined whereas advanced oxidized protein products, reactive oxygen species, total oxidant status, oxidative stress index levels, and myeloperoxidase, acetylcholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, and xanthine oxidase activities were significantly elevated in the GalN group compared with intact rats. In contrast, the administration of MMSC to GalN groups reversed these alterations. In conclusion, we may suggest that MMSC has protective effects against GalN-induced brain and cerebellar toxicity in rats.galactosamine, brain and cerebellum, antioxidant effect, oxidative stress, S-methyl methionine sulfonium chloride | INTRODUCTIONGalactosamine (GalN) is an important amino derivative of D-galactose, it is extremely toxic when excessively formed or accumulated in an organism.In experimental animal models, it acts as a hepatotoxin and triggers hepatocellular damage and inflammation. [1][2][3] GalN interacts with uracilcontaining nucleotides in hepatocytes, thereby causing clinically similar effects like that of viral hepatitis and hepatic necrosis. [4] The resultant liver dysfunction may affect more than 500 metabolic processes, compromise detoxification processes, and thereafter result in the damage

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“…Spirulina platensis is the microalga the most frequently used as a supplement. It contains carotenoids, phycocyanin, xanthophylls and phycobilins, which have antioxidant activity (32,37).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preventive role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in immune and oxidative insults in a stress-induced rat model

Seyidoğlu

Köşeli

Gurbanlı

et al. 2021

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction There is a balance between oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity and immune response. Their roles in physiological and behavioural mechanisms are important for the maintenance of the organism’s internal equilibrium. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effects of the exogenous alga Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in a stress-induced rat model, and to describe its possible mechanism of action. Material and Methods Thirty-six adult male Sprague Dawley rats were separated into four groups: control (C), stress (S), S. platensis (Sp), and S. platensis + stress (SpS). The rats in groups Sp and SpS were fed with 1,500 mg/kg b.w./day Spirulina platensis for 28 days. All rats were exposed to prolonged light phase conditions (18 h light : 6 h dark) for 14 days. The SpS and S groups were exposed to stress by being kept isolated and in a crowded environment. Blood samples were obtained by puncturing the heart on the 28th day. The effect of stress on serum corticosterone, oxidative stress markers (TOS, TAC, PON1, OSI) and immunological parameters (IL-2, IL-4, IFN-ɣ) were tested. Also, the brain, heart, intestines (duodenum, ileum, and colon), kidney, liver, spleen, and stomach of the rats were weighed. Results Serum corticosterone levels were higher in the S group than in the C group, and significantly lower in the SpS group than in the S group. Mean total antioxidant capacity were lower in the S group than in the C group, and Spirulina reversed this change. Although not significantly different, IL-2 was lower in the S group than in the C group. However, in the SpS group, IL-2 increased due to Spirulina platensis mitigating effects of stress. Conclusion Male rats fed a diet with Spirulina platensis could experience significantly milder physiological changes during stress, although stress patterns may be different. Exogenous antioxidant supplements merit further investigation in animals and humans where the endogenous defence mechanism against stress may not be sufficient.

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Stress, Natural Antioxidants and Future Perspectives

Cited by 12 publications

References 85 publications

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

The effects of edaravone, a free‐radical scavenger in lung injury induced by valproic acid demonstrated via different biochemical parameters

Oxidative brain and cerebellum injury induced byd‐galactosamine: Protective effect ofS‐methyl methionine sulfonium chloride

The preventive role of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) in immune and oxidative insults in a stress-induced rat model

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