Stress Load Factors in the Scope of Students

Abstract

Objectives: The examination of the effects of stress in university students during the exam period, compared with demographic data. MethOds: Prospective research was made in the exam period. Altogether 181 university students participated in the study, in the course of which online questionnaire were applied. In the first part of the questionnaire demographic questions were listed, while Student Nursing Stress Index (SNSI) questionnaire was applied to measure stress level. Emotions perceived in a given moment could be evaluated by the Brunel Mood Scale. In the last part of the questionnaire Marlowe-Crowne Senior Short Form Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS) was applied to evaluate behaviour desired by the society. The analysis of results was performed with SPSS 20.00 and MO Excel 2007 programs. For data analysis descriptive statistics, χ 2 -test, t-test, variance analysis and regression analysis besides the significance level p< 0,05. Results: The division of genders was 28 (15,47%) male and 153 (84,53%) female participants in the research (n= 181). The average age was 21,62±3,07 years. The measurement of stress showed that sleeping time of students can be significantly affected by stress (p< 0,001). Those whose parents are divorced reached higher points in the value of stress (p= 0,038). Stress load caused by the exams did not show significant difference between specialities (p> 0,05). In the course of the research we found that senior students experienced significantly more stress in the exam period than freshmen (p= 0,013). cOnclusiOns: As the result of the measurements it can be said that stress is continuously present in students. Besides the requirements of the university students have to cope with several other problems.Objectives: Medication non-adherence is often classified by the timing of nonadherence. Primary non-adherence is the failure to fill a newly-prescribed medication (Rx). Rx non-persistence is the failure to continue therapy after the initial fill. A recent classification − early non-persistence (ENP) − is the failure to obtain the first prescribed refill of a new Rx (single dispensation only). In this meta-analytic review, we compare the rates of ENP across studies by four moderator dimensions: (1) chronic disease class; (2) symptomatic vs. asymptomatic chronic condition; (3) length of the baseline treatment-free interval; and (4) whether ENP estimates were adjusted for Rx switches. MethOds: Fifty-eight studies that contained data on ENP were identified using a PubMed literature search and searches of each article's reference list. ENP rates were recorded for 91 distinct samples. ENP was defined as the failure to obtain the first prescribed refill within 30 days of the first-refill date. ENP rates were weighted by sample size and combined to provide pooled fixed effect size estimates for the moderator dimensions. Results: Across all samples, the overall weighted ENP rate was 23.6%. Observed difference between ENP rates by disease class were largely explained by whether the treatment focused o...