Stress, Inflammation, and Aging

Lavretsky, Helen; Newhouse, Paul

doi:10.1097/jgp.0b013e31826573cf

Cited by 88 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Increased mitochondrial fusion increases ATP production and metabolic efficiency to combat ER‐UPR. It is known that cellular ability to combat stress declines with age . Consistent with this, PERK mRNA has been shown to significantly decline in the hippocampus of aged rats .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Causal roles of mitochondrial dynamics in longevity and healthy aging

et al. 2019

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Mitochondria are organized in the cell in the form of a dynamic, interconnected network. Mitochondrial dynamics, regulated by mitochondrial fission, fusion, and trafficking, ensure restructuring of this complex reticulum in response to nutrient availability, molecular signals, and cellular stress. Aberrant mitochondrial structures have long been observed in aging and age‐related diseases indicating that mitochondrial dynamics are compromised as cells age. However, the specific mechanisms by which aging affects mitochondrial dynamics and whether these changes are causally or casually associated with cellular and organismal aging is not clear. Here, we review recent studies that show specifically how mitochondrial fission, fusion, and trafficking are altered with age. We discuss factors that change with age to directly or indirectly influence mitochondrial dynamics while examining causal roles for altered mitochondrial dynamics in healthy aging and underlying functional outputs that might affect longevity. Lastly, we propose that altered mitochondrial dynamics might not just be a passive consequence of aging but might constitute an adaptive mechanism to mitigate age‐dependent cellular impairments and might be targeted to increase longevity and promote healthy aging.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Causal roles of mitochondrial dynamics in longevity and healthy aging

et al. 2019

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“…Stress hormone levels have previously been known to influence longevity via a variety of mechanisms [24]. We use faecal glucocorticoid metabolites as a measure of stress in marmots.…”

Section: Materials and Methods (A) Study Site And Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strong social relationships are associated with decreased longevity in a facultatively social mammal

Blumstein

Williams²,

Lim³

et al. 2018

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Humans in strong social relationships are more likely to live longer because social relationships may buffer stressors and thus have protective effects. However, a shortcoming of human studies is that they often rely on self-reporting of these relationships. By contrast, observational studies of non-human animals permit detailed analyses of the specific nature of social relationships. Thus, discoveries that some social animals live longer and healthier lives if they are involved in social grooming, forage together or have more affiliative associates emphasizes the potential importance of social relationships on health and longevity. Previous studies have focused on the impact of social metrics on longevity in obligately social species. However, if sociality indeed has a key role in longevity, we might expect that affiliative relationships should also influence longevity in less social species. We focused on socially flexible yellow-bellied marmots () and asked whether female longevity covaries with the specific nature of social relationships. We quantified social relationships with social network statistics that were based on affiliative interactions, and then estimated the correlation between longevity and sociality using bivariate models. We found a significant negative phenotypic correlation between affiliative social relationship strength and longevity; marmots with greater degree, closeness and those with a greater negative average shortest path length died at younger ages. We conclude that sociality plays an important role in longevity, but how it does so may depend on whether a species is obligately or facultatively social.

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“…For concrete description of the change in the association of duration of T2D with cognition as HbA1c increases, partial correlations examined the relationships between duration of T2D and cognitive outcomes within tertiles of HbA1c. Since inflammation has been associated with both T2D and dementia (5), a secondary analysis included as additional covariates the inflammatory markers CRP and IL-6 (which were assessed at the IDCD baseline). Each analysis included all subjects with available data, so numbers differed slightly (from 878 to 897).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association of Duration of Type 2 Diabetes with Cognitive Performance is Modulated by Long-Term Glycemic Control

West

Ravona‐Springer

Schmeidler

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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Objectives It is unclear why duration of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased cognitive compromise. High hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) has also been associated with dementia, and is the primary contributor to T2D complications. Here we investigated whether the association of duration of T2D with cognitive functioning is modulated by hemoglobin A1C levels. Methods This study examined non-demented community dwelling T2D elderly (n=897) participating in the Israel Diabetes and Cognitive Decline study, who were assessed with a broad neuropsychological battery. Subjects were all from the Maccabi Healthcare Services which has a Diabetes Registry with complete HbA1c measurements since 1998. Partial correlations were performed to examine the modulating effect of HbA1c on the relationship of duration of T2D with five cognitive measures, controlling for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Results An interaction of duration of T2D with HbA1c was associated with executive functioning (p=.006), semantic categorization (p=.019), attention/working memory (p=.011), and overall cognition (p=.006), such that the associations between duration of T2D and cognitive impairment increased as HbA1c levels increased—but not for episodic memory (p=.984). Conclusions Since duration of T2D was associated with cognition in higher HbA1c levels and overall no associations were found in lower HbA1c levels, our results suggest that individuals with T2D may limit their risk of future cognitive decline by maintaining long-term good glycemic control.

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Stress, Inflammation, and Aging

Cited by 88 publications

References 30 publications

Causal roles of mitochondrial dynamics in longevity and healthy aging

Causal roles of mitochondrial dynamics in longevity and healthy aging

Strong social relationships are associated with decreased longevity in a facultatively social mammal

The Association of Duration of Type 2 Diabetes with Cognitive Performance is Modulated by Long-Term Glycemic Control

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