Stress-Induced Legume Root Nodule Senescence. Physiological, Biochemical, and Structural Alterations

Matamoros, Manuel A.; Baird, Lisa; Escuredo, Pedro R.; Dalton, David A.; Minchin, F. R.; Iturbe‐Ormaetxe, Iñaki; Rubio, Maria C.; Morán, José F.; Gordon, A. R.; Becana, Manuel

doi:10.1104/pp.121.1.97

Cited by 167 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The lifespan of an indeterminate nodule is not only influenced by nodule age, plant growth phase, and reproduction but can also be triggered or sped up by environmental conditions. Prolonged dark treatment had been shown to drastically induce nodule senescence, with a decrease in nitrogenase activity and in leghemoglobin levels (Romanov et al, 1980;Swaraj et al, 1985Swaraj et al, , 1986Swaraj et al, , 2001Matamoros et al, 1999). Our experiments reveal that developmental and darkinduced senescence differ cellularly and transcriptionally and suggest that the former process is better organized for nutrient remobilization.…”

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confidence: 49%

Comparison of Developmental and Stress-Induced Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula

et al. 2010

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Mature indeterminate Medicago truncatula nodules are zonated with an apical meristem, an infection zone, a fixation zone with nitrogen-fixing bacteroids, and a “developmental” senescence zone that follows nodule growth with a conical front originating in the center of the fixation zone. In nitrogen-fixing cells, senescence is initiated coincidently with the expression of a family of conserved cysteine proteases that might be involved in the degradation of symbiotic structures. Environmental stress, such as prolonged dark treatment, interferes with nodule functioning and triggers a fast and global nodule senescence. Developmental and dark stress-induced senescence have several different structural and expression features, suggesting at least partly divergent underlying molecular mechanisms.

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confidence: 49%

Comparison of Developmental and Stress-Induced Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula

et al. 2010

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“…It has also been clearly shown that nitrate strongly inhibits the activity of existing nodules (Vessey and Waterer, 1992). Within a few days after nitrate exposure, nodule activity is almost completely lost (Schuller et al, 1988) and the nodules become senescent (Matamoros et al, 1999).…”

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confidence: 93%

An RNA Sequencing Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Molecular Aspects of the Nitrate Impact on the Nodule Activity of Medicago truncatula

et al. 2013

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The mechanism through which nitrate reduces the activity of legume nodules is controversial. The objective of the study was to follow Medicago truncatula nodule activity after nitrate provision continuously and to identify molecular mechanisms, which down-regulate the activity of the nodules. Nodule H 2 evolution started to decline after about 4 h of nitrate application. At that point in time, a strong shift in nodule gene expression (RNA sequencing) had occurred (1,120 differentially expressed genes). The most pronounced effect was the down-regulation of 127 genes for nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides. Various other nodulins were also strongly down-regulated, in particular all the genes for leghemoglobins. In addition, shifts in the expression of genes involved in cellular iron allocation and mitochondrial ATP synthesis were observed. Furthermore, the expression of numerous genes for the formation of proteins and glycoproteins with no obvious function in nodules (e.g. germins, patatin, and thaumatin) was strongly increased. This occurred in conjunction with an up-regulation of genes for proteinase inhibitors, in particular those containing the Kunitz domain. The additionally formed proteins might possibly be involved in reducing nodule oxygen permeability. Between 4 and 28 h of nitrate exposure, a further reduction in nodule activity occurred, and the number of differentially expressed genes almost tripled. In particular, there was a differential expression of genes connected with emerging senescence. It is concluded that nitrate exerts rapid and manifold effects on nitrogenase activity. A certain degree of nitrate tolerance might be achieved when the down-regulatory effect on late nodulins can be alleviated.

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“…Nodule senescence can be triggered prematurely by various types of stress (Gogorcena et al, 1997;González et al, 1998;Matamoros et al, 1999) or as a consequence of deficient recognition between partners (Banba et al, 2001). This induced nodule senescence develops much more rapidly than developmental senescence and present features of oxidative stress and plant cell death (Puppo et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aging in Legume Symbiosis. A Molecular View on Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula

et al. 2006

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Rhizobia reside as symbiosomes in the infected cells of legume nodules to fix atmospheric nitrogen. The symbiotic relation is strictly controlled, lasts for some time, but eventually leads to nodule senescence. We present a comprehensive transcriptomics study to understand the onset of nodule senescence in the legume Medicago truncatula. Distinct developmental stages with characteristic gene expression were delineated during which the two symbiotic partners were degraded consecutively, marking the switch in nodule tissue status from carbon sink to general nutrient source. Cluster analysis discriminated an early expression group that harbored regulatory genes that might be primary tools to interfere with pod filling-related or stress-induced nodule senescence, ultimately causing prolonged nitrogen fixation. Interestingly, the transcriptomes of nodule and leaf senescence had a high degree of overlap, arguing for the recruitment of similar pathways.

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Stress-Induced Legume Root Nodule Senescence. Physiological, Biochemical, and Structural Alterations

Abstract: Nitrate-fed and dark-stressed bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)

Cited by 167 publications

References 49 publications

Comparison of Developmental and Stress-Induced Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula

Comparison of Developmental and Stress-Induced Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula

An RNA Sequencing Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into Molecular Aspects of the Nitrate Impact on the Nodule Activity of Medicago truncatula

Aging in Legume Symbiosis. A Molecular View on Nodule Senescence in Medicago truncatula

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