Stress-induced dopamine release in human medial prefrontal cortex-<sup>18</sup>F-Fallypride/PET study in healthy volunteers

Nagano‐Saito, Atsuko; Dagher, Alain; Booij, Linda; Gravel, Paul; Welfeld, Krzysztof; Casey, Kevin F.; Leyton, Marco; Benkelfat, Chawki

doi:10.1002/syn.21700

Cited by 57 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Although the early sympathetic nervous system component of the stress response is known to result in rapid release of catecholamines in the PFC and other areas, and the resulting increase of dopamine (DA) levels is deleterious to PFC-dependent functions such as WM maintenance (7), our study focuses on the HPA axis stress response, for the simple, practical reason that the RL task takes time to administer. The release of glucocorticoids, indexed here by changes in cortisol levels, is observed to prolong this typically short-lived DA release in the PFC, among other regions (7,41,42). It is conceivable then that supraoptimal levels of DA (43) induced after the stressor and perpetuated by increases in cortisol release underlie the stress-induced deficits in central-executive-dependent, modelbased behavior observed here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Working-memory capacity protects model-based learning from stress

Otto¹,

Raio

Chiang

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

444

470

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Accounts of decision-making have long posited the operation of separate, competing valuation systems in the control of choice behavior. Recent theoretical and experimental advances suggest that this classic distinction between habitual and goal-directed (or more generally, automatic and controlled) choice may arise from two computational strategies for reinforcement learning, called model-free and model-based learning. Popular neurocomputational accounts of reward processing emphasize the involvement of the dopaminergic system in model-free learning and prefrontal, central executive-dependent control systems in model-based choice. Here we hypothesized that the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal (HPA) axis stress response-believed to have detrimental effects on prefrontal cortex function-should selectively attenuate model-based contributions to behavior. To test this, we paired an acute stressor with a sequential decision-making task that affords distinguishing the relative contributions of the two learning strategies. We assessed baseline working-memory (WM) capacity and used salivary cortisol levels to measure HPA axis stress response. We found that stress response attenuates the contribution of model-based, but not model-free, contributions to behavior. Moreover, stress-induced behavioral changes were modulated by individual WM capacity, such that low-WM-capacity individuals were more susceptible to detrimental stress effects than high-WMcapacity individuals. These results enrich existing accounts of the interplay between acute stress, working memory, and prefrontal function and suggest that executive function may be protective against the deleterious effects of acute stress.A number of accounts of human and animal decision-making posit the coexistence of separate valuation systems that control choice (1-4), which, broadly speaking, represent automatic or habitual vs. deliberative or controlled modes. The circumstances under which one system may dominate over the other and thereby exert control over behavior has been a question of interest in both neuroscience and psychology, in part because of the implications of such differential control for disorders of compulsion such as drug abuse (5, 6). Acute stress may afford unique leverage in isolating the properties of these systems, because it is believed to prompt a shift from more cognitive or deliberative processes to more automatic processes presumed to be underpinned by phylogenetically older brain structures (7).Accordingly, a spate of recent work suggests that acute stressindexed by changes in levels of cortisol, a neuroendocrine marker of stress response-engenders reliance on putative habitual and/ or automatic processes in human decision-making (8-13), consistent with the assumption that the physiological stress response impairs central executive functions subserving more deliberative choice. However, distinguishing such processes is both experimentally and theoretically fraught, because in dual process theories, which system controls a particular behavior is t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Working-memory capacity protects model-based learning from stress

Otto¹,

Raio

Chiang

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

444

470

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“…Previous PET studies have identified [ 18 F]fallypride displacement within the PFC following exposure to laboratory stressors. These effects occurred in the vmPFC 16 and dmPFC, 17 with no significant effect in the DLPFC. Although in our study there is some regional overlap with the effects reported by Lataster and colleagues, 16 this may reflect their roles in attentional salience.…”

Section: J Psychiatry Neurosci 2016;41(5)mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…13,14 More recently, the radioligand's PFC sensitivity to nonpharmacological manipulations of the DA system has also been demonstrated using psychological stressors. [15][16][17] Here, we used [ 18 F]fallypride and high-resolution PET to assess the ability of drug-related cues to elicit DA release in the PFC of volunteers meeting criteria for current cocaine dependence. Given the role of DA in conditioned approach and incentive learning, 18 we hypothesized that exposure to familiar, drugrelated stimuli would enhance DA signalling in prefrontal and, in particular, orbitofrontal regions, contributing to the generation of motivational states that lead to drug seeking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cocaine cue–induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex

Milella

Fotros

Gravel

et al. 2016

jpn

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IntroductionThe prefrontal cortex (PFC) integrates and interprets sensory information, processing value, directing attention, and planning actions based on experience.1,2 In cocaine-dependent individuals, these regions and processes are engaged by drug-related cues, increasing the likelihood of craving and drug pursuit.3-5 For each of these effects, dopamine (DA) is a plausible contributing transmitter. Mesocortical DA transmission plays a critical role in cognitive and executive functions, 6 and, in laboratory animals, DA infusions into the PFC reinstate cocaine-seeking behaviours 7,8 while DA depletion or receptor antagonists reduce the drug's reinforcing efficacy. 9Based on these observations, it has been proposed that PFC abnormalities seen in cocaine-dependent individuals 10 are related at least in part to experience-dependent changes in DA transmission. 11,12 Dopamine release in the human PFC and striatum can be measured following an amphetamine challenge with positron emission tomography (PET) and the 18 F-labelled tracer fallypride. 13,14 More recently, the radioligand's PFC sensitivity to nonpharmacological manipulations of the DA system has also been demonstrated using psychological stressors.15-17 Here, we used [ 18 F]fallypride and high-resolution PET to assess the ability of drug-related cues to elicit DA release in the PFC of volunteers meeting criteria for current cocaine dependence. Given the role of DA in conditioned approach and incentive learning, 18 we hypothesized that exposure to familiar, drugrelated stimuli would enhance DA signalling in prefrontal and, in particular, orbitofrontal regions, contributing to the generation of motivational states that lead to drug seeking. 5,19Based on earlier reports identifying an association between PFC activation and self-reported craving, 3,20,21 a positive correlation between PFC DA release and craving was predicted. , 2015; Revised Sept. 9, 2015; Accepted Oct. 19, 2015; Early-released Feb. 23, 2016 DOI: 10.1503 Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that drug-related cues can induce dopamine (DA) release in the striatum of substance abusers. Whether these same cues provoke DA release in the human prefrontal cortex remains unknown. Methods: We used highresolution positron emission tomography with [

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“…Dopamine is not commonly considered a stress hormone. Nevertheless, exposure to psychological stress can activate the mesocorticolimbic DA system in humans [37]. It should, however, be noted that the VO 2 max scores were still associated with a more desirable cardio-metabolic risk marker profile as indicated by significant negative correlations between VO 2 max and triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, CHOL/HDL ratio, HOMA-IR and, a significant positive correlation between VO 2 max and HDL cholesterol.…”

Section: Endocrinementioning

confidence: 93%

Hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis and sympatho-adrenal medullary system responses to psychological stress were not attenuated in women with elevated physical fitness levels

et al. 2015

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It is not clear if higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with lower hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and sympatho-adrenal medullary (SAM) system reactivity to psychological stress in women. The association between cardio-metabolic risk markers and acute physiological responses to psychological stress in women who differ in their cardiorespiratory fitness status has also not been investigated. Women with high (n = 22) and low (n = 22) levels of fitness aged 30-50 years (in the mid-follicular phase of the menstrual cycle) were subjected to a Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) at 1500 h. Plasma concentrations of cortisol, adrenaline (Adr), noradrenaline (NA), and dopamine (DA) were measured in samples collected every 7-15 min from 1400 to 1700 h. Heart rate and blood pressure were measured at the same time points. Low-fit women had elevated serum triglyceride, cholesterol/HDL ratio, fasting glucose, and HOMA-IR levels compared with high-fit women. While cortisol, Adr, NA, HR, and blood pressure all demonstrated a significant response to the TSST, the responses of these variables did not differ significantly between high- and low-fit women in response to the TSST. Dopamine reactivity was significantly higher in the low-fit women compared with high-fit women. There was also a significant negative correlation between VO2 max and DA reactivity. These findings suggest that, for low-fit women aged 30-50 years, the response of HPA axis and SAM system to a potent acute psychological stressor is not compromised compared to that in high-fit women.

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Stress-induced dopamine release in human medial prefrontal cortex-¹⁸F-Fallypride/PET study in healthy volunteers

Abstract: The present study provides evidence of stress-induced dopamine release in the mPFC in humans, in vivo.

Cited by 57 publications

References 67 publications

Working-memory capacity protects model-based learning from stress

Working-memory capacity protects model-based learning from stress

Cocaine cue–induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex

Hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis and sympatho-adrenal medullary system responses to psychological stress were not attenuated in women with elevated physical fitness levels

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Stress-induced dopamine release in human medial prefrontal cortex-18F-Fallypride/PET study in healthy volunteers

Abstract: The present study provides evidence of stress-induced dopamine release in the mPFC in humans, in vivo.

Cited by 57 publications

References 67 publications

Working-memory capacity protects model-based learning from stress

Working-memory capacity protects model-based learning from stress

Cocaine cue–induced dopamine release in the human prefrontal cortex

Hypothalamo-pituitary adrenal axis and sympatho-adrenal medullary system responses to psychological stress were not attenuated in women with elevated physical fitness levels

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Product

Resources

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Stress-induced dopamine release in human medial prefrontal cortex-¹⁸F-Fallypride/PET study in healthy volunteers