Stress enhances poly-unsaturation rich lipid accumulation in Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp.

Shekh, Ajam; Shrivastava, Preeti; Krishnamurthi, Kannan; Mudliar, Sandeep N.; Devi, Sivanesan Saravana; Kanade, Gajanan S.; Chakrabarti, Tapan

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2015.11.013

Cited by 20 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The microalgal biomass of the species Chlamydomonas sp. cultivated under conditions of nutrient limitation and open system showed a TLF (29.23 ± 0.62)% after 4 h of extraction with hexane followed by 1 h of extraction with chloroform, within the range of values reported in the literature [44]. It is worth mentioning that the limitation of nutrients, especially nitrogen, has been shown to have the potential to substantially increase the lipid percentage in microalgae, since nitrogen deprivation induces the genes that encode enzymes directly involved in lipid biosynthesis [45].…”

Section: Extraction Of Lipid Fractions Characterization Of Residual B...supporting

confidence: 85%

“…The elemental analysis (see Table 3) of the biomass before the extractive processes (BBE) revealed a composition rich in carbon (47.11%), a value consistent with crops under nutrient deprivation [44], because the above-mentioned conditions reduce the rate of microalgal metabolism; consequently, the excess carbon generated is directed to energy storage, mainly in the form of lipids (TAG and phospholipids) and carbohydrates, substances mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen [44]. The elemental composition of BBE still counts on hydrogen (8.01%), nitrogen (9.01%), sulfur (0.45%) and oxygen (35.37%).…”

Section: Elementary Composition Of Microalgal Biomassmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The TE3 for CCF (318-600 °C, two simultaneous events) includes up to 370 °C the volatilization of saturated fatty acids (C 16 -C 18 ), including stearic and oleic acids, common in several species of microalgae grown under conditions of nutrient limitation [30,44,45]. In addition, prolongation of the thermal event (above 370 °C) may be associated with volatilization and decomposition of heavier lipid fractions such as TAG and phospholipids [62].…”

Section: Thermal Analysis (Tg/dtg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction and characterization of the saponifiable lipid fraction from microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. cultivated under stress

Gomes

Bicudo

Costa

et al. 2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Microalgae when subjected to nutrient restriction conditions, inducing environmental stress, are prone to total lipid accumulation and changes in the fatty profile. In this context, the green microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. was submitted for 3 days to the absence of nutrients. Thus, the efficacy of the extraction of the crude hexane lipid fraction (CHF), using mechanical stirred associated with ultrasound technique, was evaluated in two different times (2 and 4 h), using scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Saponifiable fractions, CHF extracts and crude chloroform fraction (CCF) were esterified and characterized by TG, FTIR and GC/MS to identify their fatty profile. Residual biomass (RB) was analyzed by elemental analysis, and the resulting data were employed to estimate the higher heating value (HHV) and crude protein percentage. The micrographs of the biomass surfaces before and after the extraction process showed significant fragmentation only for the time of 4 h. A pronounced mass loss in the typical lipid range was evidenced by TG being consistent with the significant difference of material extracted in the time of 2 h (2.95 ± 0.28)% and 4 h (10.54 ± 0.46)%. The total lipid fraction (CHF and CCF) was approximately 29%. The RB revealed values of HHV and crude protein of 18 MJ kg -1 and 56%, respectively. The TG data for the CCF extract revealed a material consisting mainly of saponifiable fractions, unlike CHF which is composed predominantly of unsaponifiables. Therefore, the TG curve ratified a better conversion rate to CCF (approximately 89%), consistent with the value obtained by GC/MS (about 86%). The fatty profile for the saponifiable fractions of both extracts showed that the major fatty acids are C16:0 and C18:3 (x-3 and x-6). The ester profile with elevated concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:3) is unfeasible in their application for biodiesel production; nevertheless, the fatty profile of microalgae suggests pharmacological potential for diet or therapy, since some of the main components are reported as bioactive metabolites.

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Section: Extraction Of Lipid Fractions Characterization Of Residual B...supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Elementary Composition Of Microalgal Biomassmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Thermal Analysis (Tg/dtg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extraction and characterization of the saponifiable lipid fraction from microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. cultivated under stress

Gomes

Bicudo

Costa

et al. 2019

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…Under these cell membrane-damaging stresses, the three desaturase genes D5-desaturase, plastid acyl-ACP D9 desaturase, and microsomal D12-desaturase are upregulated to increase the unsaturated fatty acid production. However, excessive drops in pH make cell membrane maintenance impossible [ 37 ]. Therefore, the unsaturated fatty acid composition changes with the pH of the environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Production from Porphyridium cruentum Using a Two-Phase Culture System in a Photobioreactor with Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)

Kim

Lee

et al. 2021

J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.

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In this study, the culture conditions for Porphyridium cruentum were optimized to obtain the maximum biomass and lipid productions. The eicosapentaenoic acid content was increased by pH optimization. P. cruentum was cultured with modified F/2 medium in 14-L photobioreactors using a two-phase culture system, in which the green (520 nm) and red (625 nm) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used during the first and second phases for biomass production and lipid production, respectively. Various parameters, including aeration rate, light intensity, photoperiod, and pH were optimized. The maximum biomass concentration of 0.91 g dcw/l was obtained with an aeration rate of 0.75 vvm, a light intensity of 300 μmol m -2 s -1 , and a photoperiod of 24:0 h. The maximum lipid production of 51.8% (w/w) was obtained with a light intensity of 400 μmol m -2 s -1 and a photoperiod of 18:6 h. Additionally, the eicosapentaenoic acid and unsaturated fatty acid contents reached 30.6% to 56.2% at pH 6.0.

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“…A presença dos carboidratos pode ser confirmada pela presença das bandas em 1200 cm -1 e 1000 cm -1 (na denominada região de impressão digital), tais bandas estão associadas a presença de ácidos nucleicos. A vibração de ligação no número de onda em 2900-2700 cm -1 está associada às vibrações simétricas e assimétricas de C-H presentes em grupamentos metil e metileno (indicação a presença de lipídios nas amostras) (SHEKH et al, 2015).…”

Section: Microscopia Eletrônica De Varredura (Mev) Das Biomassasunclassified

Pirólise solar catalítica de microalgas

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Stress enhances poly-unsaturation rich lipid accumulation in Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp.

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Extraction and characterization of the saponifiable lipid fraction from microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. cultivated under stress

Extraction and characterization of the saponifiable lipid fraction from microalgae Chlamydomonas sp. cultivated under stress

Improvement of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Production from Porphyridium cruentum Using a Two-Phase Culture System in a Photobioreactor with Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs)

Pirólise solar catalítica de microalgas

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