Stress drop and source scaling of the 2009 April L’Aquila earthquakes

Calderoni, Giovanna; Rovelli, A.; Singh, S. K.

doi:10.1093/gji/ggs011

Cited by 43 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…At higher magnitudes, low frequencies predominate and, thus, taller buildings are shaken more intensely. The spectra shown in Figure 4 are the expected source-radiated accelerations of earthquakes in central Italy (at a reference distance of 10 km), scaled with magnitude according to Calderoni et al (2013).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Difference in Shaking Intensity between Short and Tall Buildings: Known and New Findings

Sbarra¹,

Fodarella²,

Tosi³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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We investigate the influence of building height on the ability of people to feel earthquakes and observe that, in an urban area, short and tall buildings reach different levels of excitation. We quantify this behavior by analyzing macroseismic reports collected from individuals through the Internet; we focus on elastic regime transitory effects of recent earthquakes in Italy in the local magnitude (M L ) range of 3-5.9. We find a maximum difference of 0.6 intensity units between the top floors of tall (7-10 stories) and short (1-2 stories) buildings at the highest considered magnitudes. As expected, tall buildings experience greater shaking than short buildings during large earthquakes at large source distances. However, we observe the opposite behavior at close distances when the M L is < 3:5. These results can be explained by considering the different spectra radiated by small and large earthquakes and the different fundamental mode resonances of buildings (i.e., shorter buildings have higher resonance frequencies and vice versa). Using idealized building models excited by real acceleration time histories, we compute synthetic accelerograms on the top floors of short and tall buildings and confirm the trend of the observed differences in felt intensities.

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Section: Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Idealized scheme of source-radiated accelerations versus magnitude (according toCalderoni et al, 2013) and separation of fundamental frequencies between tall and short buildings.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference in Shaking Intensity between Short and Tall Buildings: Known and New Findings

Sbarra¹,

Fodarella²,

Tosi³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…Source scaling was also investigated by Calderoni et al (2013), hereinafter CAL13, through the empirical Green's functions (EGF) approach applied to broad-band signals in the distance range 100-250 km. Both MAL11 and CAL13 found evidence for a stress drop increase for large size earthquakes, contrasting the results of BIN09 and AME11.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral models for ground motion prediction in the L'Aquila region (central Italy): evidence for stress-drop dependence on magnitude and depth

et al. 2015

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“…For reference, the expected scaling law is superimposed (black dashed line) using spectral parameters of Calderoni et al . []. The spectral ratios are corrected for the distances of AQU and CADO from the sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waveguide effects in very high rate GPS record of the 6 April 2009, M_w 6.1 L'Aquila, central Italy earthquake

et al. 2014

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A 10 Hz sampling frequency GPS station was installed near L'Aquila a few days before the 6 April 2009 M w 6.1 earthquake. It recorded displacement waveforms during the main shock and the largest M w 5.4 aftershock of 7 April. The horizontal components of the main shock contain a high-amplitude (43 cm peak-to-peak) nearly harmonic (1 Hz) wave train not evident in other nearby instrumental records. The persistency of this feature during aftershocks recorded by a temporarily colocated seismological station highlights a local site effect. Traditional models based on near-surface velocity structure and topography variations fail to reproduce the size and frequency band of the observed amplified motion. The amplified wave train can be explained by a low-velocity fault zone layer below the station. This model fits the delay of the large-amplitude nearly harmonic wave train after the S wave phase and is consistent with the variation in the fault excitation efficiency between the two shocks in relation to their different source depth and location. Synthetic calculation of trapped waves in a model consisting of two quarter spaces separated by a 650 m wide low-velocity zone with 50% velocity reduction and Q value of 20 fit well the observed anomalous record. The parameters of the model fault zone layer are consistent with geological evidence of a broad damage zone adjacent to the station and a similar site response found in this crustal zone with ambient noise. Results of shallow seismic surveys and sonic logs from deep wells provide independent constraints on the host rock velocities.

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Stress drop and source scaling of the 2009 April L’Aquila earthquakes

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Difference in Shaking Intensity between Short and Tall Buildings: Known and New Findings

Difference in Shaking Intensity between Short and Tall Buildings: Known and New Findings

Spectral models for ground motion prediction in the L'Aquila region (central Italy): evidence for stress-drop dependence on magnitude and depth

Waveguide effects in very high rate GPS record of the 6 April 2009, M_w 6.1 L'Aquila, central Italy earthquake

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Stress drop and source scaling of the 2009 April L’Aquila earthquakes

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Difference in Shaking Intensity between Short and Tall Buildings: Known and New Findings

Difference in Shaking Intensity between Short and Tall Buildings: Known and New Findings

Spectral models for ground motion prediction in the L'Aquila region (central Italy): evidence for stress-drop dependence on magnitude and depth

Waveguide effects in very high rate GPS record of the 6 April 2009, Mw 6.1 L'Aquila, central Italy earthquake

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Waveguide effects in very high rate GPS record of the 6 April 2009, M_w 6.1 L'Aquila, central Italy earthquake