Stress, diet, exercise: Common environmental factors and their impact on epigenetic age

Galkin, Fedor; Kovalchuk, Olga; Koldasbayeva, Diana; Zhavoronkov, Alex; Bischof, Evelyne

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2023.101956

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Higher levels of exercise have been shown to be associated with a lower incidence of chronic disease and a longer lifespan (42,43). Diet and exercise may slow aging through beneficial DNA methylation changes (44), modification of gut microbiota (45), and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation (46,47), collectively enhancing fitness and slowing the aging pace. Combining the previous randomized controlled trial with our findings, the evidence suggested that diet and exercise are easily modifiable anti-aging factors in the real world (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyles and their relative contribution to biological aging across multiple organ systems: change analysis from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study

Zhang,

Tang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundBiological aging exhibits heterogeneity across multi organ systems. However, it remains unclear how is lifestyle associated with overall and organ-specific aging and which factors contribute most in Southwest China.ObjectiveTo examine the associations of healthy lifestyle with comprehensive and organ-specific biological ages and which factors contribute most.MethodsThis study involved 8,396 participants who completed two surveys from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study. The healthy lifestyle index (HLI) was developed using five lifestyle factors: smoking, alcohol, diet, exercise, and sleep. The comprehensive and organ-specific biological ages (BAs) were calculated using the Klemera-Doubal method based on longitudinal clinical laboratory measurements, and validation were conducted to select BA reflecting related diseases. Fixed effects model was used to examine associations between HLI or its components and the acceleration of validated BAs. We further evaluated the relative contribution of lifestyle components to comprehension and organ systems BAs using quantile G-computation.ResultsAbout two-thirds of participants changed HLI scores between surveys. After validation, three organ-specific BAs (the cardiopulmonary, metabolic, and liver BAs) were identified as reflective of specific diseases and included in further analyses with the comprehensive BA. The health alterations in healthy lifestyle index showed a protective association with the acceleration of all biological ages, with a mean shift of -0.19 (95%CI: -0.34, -0.03) in the comprehensive biological age acceleration. Diet and smoking were the major contributors to overall negative associations of five lifestyle factors with the comprehensive BA and metabolic BA accounting for 24% and 55% respectively.ConclusionsHealthy lifestyle changes were inversely related to comprehensive and organ-specific biological aging in Southwest China, with diet and smoking contributing most to comprehensive and metabolic BA separately. Our findings highlight the potential of lifestyle interventions to decelerate aging and identify intervention targets to limit organ-specific aging in less-developed regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyles and their relative contribution to biological aging across multiple organ systems: change analysis from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study

Zhang,

Tang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…DNA methylation-based aging clocks is a composite measure of DNA methylation (DNAm) levels across specific CpG sites along the genome and may be calculated from methylome raw data using different computational tools 38 , 49 – 51 . Epigenetic age may be largely influenced by several genetic and environmental factors 52 , 53 including, possibly, gut microbiota composition and disease-related microbiota variations. By this view, our data, along with metataxonomic analysis results, showed a clear acceleration of epigenetic age in ASD children that correlates with the alteration in abundance of specific colonizers marking the transition from an infant- to adult-like gut microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host fecal DNA specific methylation signatures mark gut dysbiosis and inflammation in children affected by autism spectrum disorder

Cuomo,

Coretti,

Costabile

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The gut-brain axis involves several bidirectional pathway communications including microbiome, bacterial metabolites, neurotransmitters as well as immune system and is perturbed both in brain and in gastrointestinal disorders. Consistently, microbiota-gut-brain axis has been found altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We reasoned that such alterations occurring in ASD may impact both on methylation signatures of human host fecal DNA (HFD) and possibly on the types of human cells shed in the stools from intestinal tract giving origin to HFD. To test this hypothesis, we have performed whole genome methylation analysis of HFD from an age-restricted cohort of young children with ASD (N = 8) and healthy controls (N = 7). In the same cohort we have previously investigated the fecal microbiota composition and here we refined such analysis and searched for eventual associations with data derived from HFD methylome analysis. Our results showed that specific epigenetic signatures in human fecal DNA, especially at genes related to inflammation, associated with the disease. By applying methylation-based deconvolution algorithm, we found that the HFD derived mainly from immune cells and the relative abundance of those differed between patients and controls. Consistently, most of differentially methylated regions fitted with genes involved in inflammatory response. Interestingly, using Horvath epigenetic clock, we found that ASD affected children showed both epigenetic and microbiota age accelerated. We believe that the present unprecedented approach may be useful for the identification of the ASD associated HFD epigenetic signatures and may be potentially extended to other brain disorders and intestinal inflammatory diseases.

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“…While aging intervention studies have the added challenge of requiring long enough periods of time for the interventions to show a statistically significant effect, advancements in DNAm-based analysis, such as phenotypically and clinically trained DNAm clocks, have allowed for changes in the pace of aging and risk factors related to aging to be studied (Rutledge, Oh, and Wyss-Coray 2022). Epigenetic age trials using these epigenetic clocks have discovered that different diets such as a Mediterranean diet and DASH diet have shown improvement in certain aspects related to aging (Gensous et al 2020; Galkin et al 2023). In particular, a Mediterranean diet has been shown to both slow aging and delay the onset of frailty (K. Kim et al 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Epigenetic Impact of Vegan vs. Omnivorous Diets on Aging: Insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS)

Dwaraka,

Aronica,

Carreras-Gallo

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Geroscience has emerged as a field focusing on interventions to attenuate molecular changes associated with aging. While lifestyle modifications, medications, and social factors are recognized influencers of the aging process, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate molecular mechanisms necessitates an in-depth exploration of the epigenetic landscape. Notably, the specific epigenetic clock and predictor effects of a vegan diet, compared to an omnivorous counterpart, remain inadequately explored, despite indications of potential impacts on aging-related outcomes. This study addresses this knowledge gap by examining the impact of an eight-week entirely plant-based or healthy omnivorous diet on blood DNA methylation in paired twins. Results show distinct responses, with the vegan cohort solely exhibiting significant decreases in overall epigenetic age acceleration (PC GrimAge, PC PhenoAge, DunedinPACE), including among specific systems (Inflammation, Heart, Hormone, Liver, and Metabolic), aligning with anti-aging effects of plant-based diets. Analyses of methylation surrogates of clinical, metabolite, and protein markers indicate diet-specific shifts, while exemplifying DNA methylation markers in predicting complex traits influenced by diet. Comprehensive epigenome-wide analysis unveils diet-specific differentially methylated loci, offering insights into influenced pathways. This study sheds light on the advantageous aging benefits of a healthy vegan diet, while providing a foundation for future personalized interventions using epigenetic age clocks in promoting overall well-being.

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Stress, diet, exercise: Common environmental factors and their impact on epigenetic age

Cited by 18 publications

References 109 publications

Lifestyles and their relative contribution to biological aging across multiple organ systems: change analysis from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study

Lifestyles and their relative contribution to biological aging across multiple organ systems: change analysis from the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort Study

Host fecal DNA specific methylation signatures mark gut dysbiosis and inflammation in children affected by autism spectrum disorder

Unveiling the Epigenetic Impact of Vegan vs. Omnivorous Diets on Aging: Insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS)

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