Stress corrosion cracking of high strength HY-180M steel in 3.5 Pct NaCl

Bala, Sathish Rao; Tromans, Desmond

doi:10.1007/bf02652217

Cited by 13 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The crack surfaces contained iron corrosion products (6) which were first removed by ultrasonic cleaning in an inhibited solution of 3 ml conc. HC1 4 ml 35% 2 Butyne-1, 4-diol + 4 ml H20 that produces no artifacts (13,14). Following cleaning, the specimens were washed in water and ethanol, dried, and examined in an ETEC Autoscan, using secondary electron imaging mode and 20 keV excitation.…”

Section: Beam (Dcb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sulfide Ions on Caustic Cracking of Mild Steel

Singbeil¹,

Tromans²

1981

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Potentinstatically controlled slow strain rate (~ ___ 3.3 • 10-6/sec) tensile tests were conducted on AISI 1018 mild steel in hot (92~ caustic solutions of 3.35M NaOH and 2.5M NaOH § 0.423M NafS in a chemically inert cell. Reduction of area was used as a measure of susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The presence of sulfide ions raised the active-passive transition potential to more noble values, and maximum susceptibility to SCC occurred at potentials near the active-passive transition in each environment. Cracking at these potentials was further confirmed by conducting tests on prefatigue cracked double cantilever beam specimens at a known stress intensity, and crack fractography was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Crack liquid pH measurements were obtained with pH indicator paper using a freezing technique. A hydrogen embrittlement mechanism of SCC was eliminated from consideration in both environments on thermodynamic grounds. All observations were reasonably consistent with a dissolution mechanism of SCC involving film rupture events.

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Section: Beam (Dcb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Sulfide Ions on Caustic Cracking of Mild Steel

Singbeil¹,

Tromans²

1981

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Fractographs were obtained near the crack tip to minimize dissolution effects arising from exposure to the solutions. Corrosion products were removed from fractured surfaces with an inhibited solution of 3 ml conc HCI + 4 ml 35% 2 Butyne-1, 4-diol + 50 ml H20 that produces no artifacts (5).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fracture Mechanics Study of Caustic Cracking of Mild Steel in Hot NaOH / Na2 S Solutions

Singbeil

Tromans

1982

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Fracture mechanics techniques were employed to study stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of AISI C‐1018 mild steel in hot (92°C) solutions of 3.35m normalNaOH and 2.5m normalNaOH+0.423m Na2S . Tests were conducted under potentiostatic conditions at the most susceptible SCC potentials near the active‐passive transition, using fatigue precracked double cantilever beam specimens. The solution pH within the crack was measured and the fractography was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Crack rates false(vfalse) are related to the stress intensity false(KIfalse) and are lower in the sulfide solution at comparative KI levels. The mechanism of cracking is consistent with an anodic dissolution process involving rupture of passive films at the crack tip. The lower crack rates in the sulfide solution are discussed in terms of faster repassivation kinetics and the effect of S2− on iron dissolution rates.

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The Role of Metallurgical Variables in Hydrogen-Assisted Environmental Fracture

Thompson

Bernstein

1980

Advances in Corrosion Science and Technology

124

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INTRODUCTIONThis chapter focuses on two kinds of environmental fracture, stress corrosion cracking (SeC) and hydrogen embrittlement, and discusses the role in such failures of a number of metallurgical variables. These include chemical composition; microstructural components such as precipitate type and structure, and grain size and shape; crystallographic texture; heat treatment and its effect on the foregoing variables; and processing, particularly the thermo mechanical treatments (TMT), which are attracting increased attention for property optimization. These variables are expected to be of great importance in the development of new engineering materials to meet demanding service conditions.In recent years, understanding of the role of metallurgical variables in hydrogen embrittlement has improved significantly. One purpose of the present review is to summarize this progress. Since hydrogen is believed to be broadly involved in many environmental cracking phenomena, it is a second purpose of the review to extend that improved understanding to at least some cases of Sec. It might be expected that similar role(s) of metallurgical variables would be observed for both hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogenassisted see, particularly when hydrogen plays a dominant role.The usual definition of see is that both a corrosive environment and a tensile stress (residual or applied) act together to cause cracking, which has a macroscopically brittle appearance. It is implicit in this definition that see is a phenomenon, not a mechanism, and it is so treated in this chapter. Hydrogen embrittlement is also a phenomenon, which mayor may not occur during sec. Hydrogen as a gas or as a species evolved from chemical or electrochemical reactions could be regarded as an see corrodent. But since classical hydrogen embrittlement studies have been conducted with hydrogen dissolved within the metal, which corrodents usually are not, such studies have been cited in the past as evidence against a link between see and hydrogen embrittlement. This review concludes, as have others, that such a conclusion cannot be general. There are now known to be a number of cases in which hydrogen participates in see fracture, and the accepted balance between hydrogen cracking and, say, anodic dissolution as components of see appears to need reappraisal or revision. It is a purpose of this chapter to identify such areas.It should be strongly emphasized that we do not accept the proposition that there must be a single causative process for Sec. There are indeed instances of purely dissolution processes, or purely hydrogen embrittlement processes, giving rise to what is generally described as Sec. But in many cases there appear to be contributions from both types of processes. This chapter emphasizes the hydrogen-related behavior in order to make maximum use of the new understanding of hydrogen embrittlement, but that emphasis should not be construed as being a mechanistic emphasis.The combined literature record on see and hydrogen embrittlement is very exten...

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Stress corrosion cracking of high strength HY-180M steel in 3.5 Pct NaCl

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of Sulfide Ions on Caustic Cracking of Mild Steel

Effect of Sulfide Ions on Caustic Cracking of Mild Steel

A Fracture Mechanics Study of Caustic Cracking of Mild Steel in Hot NaOH / Na2 S Solutions

The Role of Metallurgical Variables in Hydrogen-Assisted Environmental Fracture

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