Stress, coping, and quality of life in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

While research has widely explored stress, coping, and quality of life (QOL) individually and the potential links between them, there is a critical dearth in the literature regarding these constructs in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study aims to identify the salient stressors experienced, describe the coping strategies used, and examine the relationships between stress, coping, and current QOL among individuals during the pandemic. Data are from a nationally representative sample of 1,004 respondents who completed an online survey. Key measures included stressful life events (SLEs), coping strategies, and the physical and psychological health domains of QOL. Staged multivariate linear regression analyses examined the relationships between the two QOL domains and SLEs, controlling for sociodemographic and pre-existing health conditions and testing for the effects of coping strategies on these relationships. The most common SLEs experienced during the pandemic were a decrease in financial status, personal injury or illness, and change in living conditions. Problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping were significantly related to higher levels of QOL, whereas avoidant coping was associated with lower QOL. Avoidant coping partially mediated the relationship between experiencing SLEs and reduced physical and psychological QOL. Our study informs clinical interventions to help individuals adopt healthy behaviors to effectively manage stressors, especially large-scale traumatic events like the pandemic. Our findings also call for public health and clinical interventions to address the long-term impacts of the most prevalent stressors experienced during the pandemic among vulnerable groups.

Population under Stress: The Coping Mechanisms of Lebanese Adults in Times of Intermingling Crises and Their Relationship with Stress

“…Tis fnding is expected since similar patterns were reported in multiple populations subjected to diferent types of stressors [27,28]. Problem-focused coping was found to be associated with a better quality of life for participants in a population in the United States in the context of COVID-19 as a stressor [29]. Higher stress levels were associated with a greater reliance on avoidance-coping strategies in a cross section of a Catalonian population [24].…”