Stress Controls of Monogenetic Volcanism: A Review

Abstract

The factors controlling the preparation of volcanic eruptions in monogenetic fields are still poorly understood. The fact that in monogenetic volcanism each eruption has a different vent suggests that volcanic susceptibility has a high degree of randomness, so that accurate forecasting is subjected to a very high uncertainty. Recent studies on monogenetic volcanism reveal how sensitive magma migration is to the existence of changes in the stress field caused by regional and/or local tectonics or rheological contrasts (stratigraphic discontinuities). These stress variations may induce changes in the pattern of further movements of magma, thus conditioning the location of future eruptions. This implies that a precise knowledge of the stress configuration and distribution of rheological and structural discontinuities at crustal level of such volcanic systems would aid in forecasting monogenetic volcanism. This contribution reviews several basic concepts relative to the stress controls of magma transport into the brittle lithosphere, and uses this information to explain how magma migrates inside monogenetic volcanic systems and how it prepares to trigger a new eruption.

Imaging of Lithospheric Structure Beneath Jeju Volcanic Island by Teleseismic Traveltime Tomography

“…Complex magmatic structures within the lithosphere are generally formed by the movement and emplacement of magmas in the lithosphere (e.g., Benz et al, 1996;H.-H. Huang et al, 2015;Martí et al, 2017;Miller & Smith, 1999;Thybo & Artemieva, 2013). Such magma emplacement and movement are controlled by various factors, including local or regional stress fields and preexisting structural (e.g., fault or fracture) or rheological discontinuities (Maccaferri et al, 2010;Martí et al, 2016;Takada, 1989;Valentine & Perry, 2007). A previous petrological study on JI revealed that peridotite xenoliths metasomatized by evolved alkali basalt (Yang et al, 2012), which could promote the intensive interaction between the host magma and the lithospheric environment.…”

Assessing qualitative long-term volcanic hazards at Lanzarote Island (Canary Islands)

“…Based on this premise, new vents will not form far from the previous ones and, consequently, this volcano-structural information can be used to pinpoint areas where the next eruptions may most likely occur since they represent the sites where previous eruptions have taken place (Connor, 1990;Connor et al, 1992Ho, 1992Ho, , 1995Martin et al, 2004;Ho and Smith, 1998;Gaffney et al, 2007;Martí and Felpeto, 2010;Bebbington andCronin, 2011, Capello et al, 2012;Selva Bartolini et al, 2013;Bevilacqua et al, 2015;Martí et al, 2016b). Other kinds of data such as geophysical information or the stress field configuration of a volcanic area, if available, should also be used to forecast more precisely the most probable areas to host future vents (Martí and Felpeto, 2010;Martí et al, 2016b). In particular, the stress field is a key parameter controlling magma generation, magma migration and magma accumulation inside the volcanic system, as well as the location, geometry and the distribution of the resulting volcanism at surface (Martí et al, 2016b).…”

“…Other kinds of data such as geophysical information or the stress field configuration of a volcanic area, if available, should also be used to forecast more precisely the most probable areas to host future vents (Martí and Felpeto, 2010;Martí et al, 2016b). In particular, the stress field is a key parameter controlling magma generation, magma migration and magma accumulation inside the volcanic system, as well as the location, geometry and the distribution of the resulting volcanism at surface (Martí et al, 2016b). Therefore, knowing the stress configuration in the lithosphere at any scale (i.e.…”

“…Therefore, knowing the stress configuration in the lithosphere at any scale (i.e. local, regional and plate scale) is important to understand volcanism distribution and, subsequently, to predict the location of future eruptions (Martí et al, 2016b). For that reason, in this work we also considered the regional stress field configuration in Lanzarote (Geyer et al, 2016), which updates the previous susceptibility maps developed by Bartolini et al (2013) and Galindo et al (2016).…”

Assessing qualitative long-term volcanic hazard at Lanzarote Island (Canary Islands)

“…The information required to perform this susceptibility analysis is the distribution of the past volcano- structural elements. This volcano-structural information is used to pinpoint areas where next eruptions may most likely occur since they represent the sites where previous eruptions have taken place, based on the premise that new vents will not form far from the previous ones (Connor, 1990;Connor et al, 1992Connor et al, , 2000Ho, 1992Ho, , 1995Martin et al, 1994;Ho and Smith, 1998;Connor and Conway, 2000;Gaffney et al 2017;Martí and Felpeto, 2010;Bebbington andCronin, 2011, Capello et al, 2012;Selva et al, 2012; 205 le Corvec et al, 2013a;Bartolini et al, 2013;Bevilacqua et al, 2015;Martí et al, 2016b). This reasoning is based on the assumption that the regional stress field has not changed since the last eruption.…”