Stress, appraisal and work routine in wartime: do men and women differ?

Biron, Michal; Link, Sharon

doi:10.1080/10615806.2013.836506

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Moreover, evidence suggests that the demographic variable of gender is a likely candidate in burnout research (Biron & Link, 2014). However, controversies surround the role played by gender in the qualitative and quantitative development of the burnout phenomenon (Schwarzer & Hallum, 2008).…”

Section: Ali Roohani Mehdi Iravanimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Burnout and Self-Efficacy among Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers

Roohani

Iravani

2020

JLE

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Teaching is a job marked by high levels of burnout. Teacher burnout has been extinsively studied in connection with other important psychological qualities, such as perceived self-efficacy. However, little research has examined this relationship among teachers in the English as a foreign language (EFL) context. In this light, this mixed-method study was intended to a) investigate the relationship between the degree of perceived self-efficacy by Iranian EFL teachers and their professional burnout level, and b) see whether gender could make a significant difference in the teachers’ burnout level. To these ends, 80 male and female Iranian EFL teachers from several high schools in Isfahan, selected through convenience sampling, participated in the study and responded to the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator’s Survey (MBI-ES) and a modified version of Teacher Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES). To triangulate the data, a semi-structured interview was also conducted with 15 teachers. Correlational and t-test data analysis showed that there was a strong significant correlation between the participants’ perceived self-efficacy and their burnout level in a negative direction. The gender variable also had a modifying effect on the teachers’ burnout. Female teachers, in fact, had a lower burnout level. The follow-up interview further confirmed the relationship and revealed the three main themes of mental fatigue, contact avoidance, and stress in explaining teacher burnout. The implications for school administrators and teacher educators are discussed.

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Section: Ali Roohani Mehdi Iravanimentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Burnout and Self-Efficacy among Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers

Roohani

Iravani

2020

JLE

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“…Our results confirm those of others (Kagan et al., ) who found a statistically significant correlation between willingness to work in the event of an emergency, organizational commitment, and patriotism. In addition, Israeli workers who had a regular work routine were found to be less stressed and had lower threat appraisals associated with war (Biron & Link, ). These findings are consistent with our own results that showed that the higher the perception of threat, the less willing the nurse was to report to work.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Conflict of Values: Nurses’ Willingness to Work Under Threatening Conditions

Ganz

Margalith

Benbenishty

et al. 2019

J of Nursing Scholarship

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the willingness of Israeli registered nurses to work under threatening conditions, their perceived level of threat, and perceptions of peer willingness to report to work. Design This descriptive study was based on a convenience sample of registered nurses working in four hospitals throughout Israel from internal medicine, surgical, emergency, and intensive care units. Methods A questionnaire designed by the investigators was administered to registered nurses while on duty. The questionnaire consisted of three sections: personal characteristics, perceived level of personal threat from five situations (caring for a patient with a dangerous infection, terror attack, war, radiation or chemical disaster, or natural disaster), and perceived personal and peer willingness to work under these threats. Findings A convenience sample of 249 registered nurses from four hospitals responded. The highest level of perceived threat was a natural disaster (earthquake; M = 2.15, SD = 0.9). Terror (M = 0.83, SD = 0.6) and war (M = 1.01, SD = 0.6) received the lowest mean perceived threat scores. Most respondents were not willing to work during a natural disaster but were willing to care for patients with dangerous infections and during times of war. Weak positive statistically significant correlations were found between the level of perceived threat and willingness to work for all of the threats, except for terror (Spearman rank correlation = .16–.35). Conclusions Local culture, perceptions of the level of threat, and perceived peer responsiveness are associated with registered nurses’ willingness to work under threat. Clinical Relevance When faced with a threat to personal safety or security, many registered nurses might not be willing to work as usual. What is perceived as threatening is influenced by the local culture and environment. Therefore, managers should be aware of potential cultural and peer influences on this possible conflict of values.

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“…Routine work, characterized by a consistent pattern of attending work in a regular, predictable manner, has been found to have both positive and negative effects on the well-being of individuals subjected to severe medical circumstances, or supporting others (e.g., relatives) under such circumstances (Martin & Doka, 1999). Evidence regarding the potential implications of adhering to work routine during continuous unsafe living circumstances is of a similarly complex nature, as well as very limited in scope (e.g., Biron & Link, 2014;Kirschenbaum & Rapaport, 2014;Lamb, 1998;Rapaport & Kirschenbaum, 2008), pointing to a need for a more nuanced understanding of this matter. The current study advances our knowledge about the role of work routine in the well-being of civilians in war time in two ways:…”

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confidence: 99%

Work routine and psychological strain during unsafe living circumstances: Toward an integrative model.

Biron¹,

Rapaport²

2016

International Journal of Stress Management

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This study takes an integrative, multidimensional approach to study the role of work in civilians’ lives during continuous unsafe circumstances. Two hundred ninety-four individuals working and living in northern Israel completed a survey following the Second Lebanon War (July-August, 2006). Attendance work routine (i.e., reporting to work as usual) was found to be associated with low levels of war-related strain, whereas performance constraints (i.e., barriers to the ability to perform as usual) were found to be associated with high levels of war-related strain. The need to engage in extra effort at work was positively related to strain only among civilians reporting high war preparedness. War preparedness also amplified the negative association between attendance and strain. Finally, among employees who felt that they were involuntary forced to attend work during the war, the negative association between attendance and strain was amplified.

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Stress, appraisal and work routine in wartime: do men and women differ?

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

The Relationship Between Burnout and Self-Efficacy among Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers

The Relationship Between Burnout and Self-Efficacy among Iranian Male and Female EFL Teachers

A Conflict of Values: Nurses’ Willingness to Work Under Threatening Conditions

Work routine and psychological strain during unsafe living circumstances: Toward an integrative model.

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