Streptomyces arcticus sp. nov., isolated from frozen soil

Abstract

Actinomycete strain ZLN234 T was isolated from a frozen soil sample, which was collected from a glacier front in the Arctic. Chemotaxonomic and morphological characteristics were found to be typical of members of the genus Streptomyces. The strain formed a distinct phyletic line in the 16S rRNA gene tree and was closely related to Streptomyces olivochromogenes ATCC 3336 T (98.63 % similarity) and Streptomyces aureus B7319 T (98.56 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the gyr B gene also showed clearly that strain ZLN234 T was different from all recognized Streptomyces species. The whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, ribose and rhamnose. The whole-cell-wall amino acids included alanine, glutamine, glycine and meso-diaminopimelic acid with a minor amount of LL-diaminopimelic acid. The characteristic polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and unknown phospholipids. The major menaquinones were MK-9(H 10 ), MK-9(H 8 ) and MK-9(H 4 ). The major cellular fatty acids comprised anteiso-C 15 : 0 , iso-C 16 : 0 and C 16 : 0 with a small amount of iso-C 16 : 1 v7ϲ and anteiso-C 14 : 0 .The DNA G+C content of strain ZLN234 T was 77.5 mol%. On the basis of these phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain ZLN234 T (5CCTCC AA 2015005 T 5DSM 100713 T ) is the type strain of a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces arcticus sp. nov. is proposed.

Phylogenetic and Physiological Diversity of Cultivable Actinomycetes Isolated From Alpine Habitats on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

“…possess high adaptive capability for surviving in many extreme environmental conditions and their incidence had been documented in diverse extreme habitats including frozen soils, deserts, oceans, Arctic and Antarctic regions ( Maldonado et al, 2008 ; Le Roes-Hill et al, 2009 ; Malviya et al, 2009 ; Okoro et al, 2009 ; Ramesh and Mathivanan, 2009 ; Verma et al, 2009 ; Ivanova et al, 2010 ; Zothanpuia et al, 2018 ). Studies in frozen soils, Arctic and Antarctic regions had revealed a great diversity of cultivable Streptomyces species ( Le Roes-Hill et al, 2009 ; Ivanova et al, 2010 ; Li et al, 2011 ; Zhang et al, 2016b ; Kamjam et al, 2019 ), while in marine and deserts, Streptomyces spp. had been reported as one of the dominant culturable genera ( Okoro et al, 2009 ; Prieto-Davo et al, 2016 ).…”

Secondary Metabolites from Polar Organisms

“…Physiological adaptations have enabled psychrophilic organisms to thrive in the polar regions, especially microorganisms which are high in number and usually uncharacterized [2,3,4,5]. However, when compared to the large number of polar microorganisms which have been reported, very few have been screened for the production of interesting secondary metabolites.…”

Extreme Environment Streptomyces: Potential Sources for New Antibacterial and Anticancer Drug Leads?

“…Extremely low cold or cryoenvironment is an inexhaustible microbial habitat which has been emphasised by several studies in recent years [25, 26]. Because of significant climatic variables in extreme cold habitats, microbes inhabiting there can adapt to harsh conditions which can, in turn, produce novel compounds that are valuable for biotechnology applications [27].…”

“…from the Antarctic ecosystem and other distinct studies requires to be investigated in such environmental sources [33, 34]. Likewise, recently published papers describe novel Streptomyces isolated from Arctic glacier [25, 26]. But, till date, no studies described yet concerning novel Streptomyces spp.…”