Streptococcus suis infection: a series of 41 cases from Chiang Mai University Hospital

Wangkaew, Suparaporn; Chaiwarith, Romanee; Tharavichitkul, Prasit; Supparatpinyo, Khuanchai

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2005.02.012

Cited by 79 publications

(96 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Furthermore, S. suis is an important zoonotic pathogen, causing mainly meningitis in adult humans (1)(2)(3). S. suis is a very diverse organism, and different serotypes are responsible for morbidity in piglets.…”

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Role of Capsule and Suilysin in Mucosal Infection of Complement-Deficient Mice with Streptococcus suis

et al. 2014

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؊/؊ blood depended on capsule but not suilysin expression. Interestingly, S. suis invasion of inner organs was also detectable in C5aR ؊/؊ mice, suggesting that chemotaxis and activation of immune cells via the anaphylatoxin receptor C5aR is, in addition to opsonization, a further important function of the complement system in defense against mucosal S. suis infection. In conclusion, we unequivocally demonstrate here the importance of complement against mucosal S. suis serotype 2 infection and that the capsule of this pathogen is also involved in escape from complement-independent immunity.

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Role of Capsule and Suilysin in Mucosal Infection of Complement-Deficient Mice with Streptococcus suis

et al. 2014

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“…In addition to an important human outbreak in China caused by S. suis in 2005 (71), the pathogen has recently been reported to be the most frequent cause of bacterial meningitis in adults in Vietnam (29) and the third most common culture-confirmed cause of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in Hong Kong. People who survive S. suis infection may be handicapped, as severe postinfection sequels, such as deafness, may develop (67,68).…”

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In VitroCharacterization of the Microglial Inflammatory Response toStreptococcus suis, an Important Emerging Zoonotic Agent of Meningitis

et al. 2010

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Streptococcus suis is an important swine and human pathogen responsible for septicemia and meningitis. In vivo research in mice suggested that in the brain, microglia might be involved in activating the inflammatory response against S. suis. The aim of this study was to better understand the interactions between S. suis and microglia. Murine microglial cells were infected with a virulent wild-type strain of S. suis. Two isogenic mutants deficient at either capsular polysaccharide (CPS) or hemolysin production were also included. CPS contributed to S. suis resistance to phagocytosis and regulated the inflammatory response by hiding proinflammatory components from the bacterial cell wall, while the absence of hemolysin, a potential cytotoxic factor, did not have a major impact on S. suis interactions with microglia. Wild-type S. suis induced enhanced expression of Toll-like receptor 2 by microglial cells, as well as phophotyrosine, protein kinase C, and different mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling events. However, cells infected with the CPS-deficient mutant showed overall stronger and more sustained phosphorylation profiles. CPS also modulated inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and further nitric oxide production from S. suis-infected microglia. Finally, S. suis-induced NF-B translocation was faster for cells stimulated with the CPS-deficient mutant, suggesting that bacterial cell wall components are potent inducers of NF-B. These results contribute to increase the knowledge of mechanisms underlying S. suis inflammation in the brain and will be useful in designing more efficient anti-inflammatory strategies for meningitis.

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“…A spectrophotometric activity assay for GDH did not show significant differences between the groups. These results suggest that the GDH ETs and sequence types may serve as useful markers in predicting the pathogenic behavior of strains of this serotype and that the molecular basis for the observed differences in the ETs was amino acid substitutions and not deletion, insertion, or processing uniqueness.Streptococcus suis is a world-wide pathogen of swine and an important zoonotic agent (21,22,24,26,27). Strains of this bacterium are divided into 35 serotypes (types 1/2 and 1 through 34) according to polysaccharide capsular antigens.…”

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“…S. suis has been isolated from other animal species, including horses, dogs, cats, birds, and wild boars, suggesting that it may be pathogenic for more than one animal species (22). In infected humans, S. suis type 2 can cause meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia, toxic shock, and permanent hearing loss (21,22,24,26,27). A recent outbreak in China, which involved 39 human and Ͼ200 swine deaths, has caused elevated concern (27).…”

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Differentiation of Highly Virulent Strains of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 According to Glutamate Dehydrogenase Electrophoretic and Sequence Type

Kutz¹,

Okwumabua

2008

J Clin Microbiol

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The glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) enzymes of 19 Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains, consisting of 18 swine isolates and 1 human clinical isolate from a geographically varied collection, were analyzed by activity staining on a nondenaturing gel. All seven (100%) of the highly virulent strains tested produced an electrophoretic type (ET) distinct from those of moderately virulent and nonvirulent strains. By PCR and nucleotide sequence determination, the gdh genes of the 19 strains and of 2 highly virulent strains involved in recent Chinese outbreaks yielded a 1,820-bp fragment containing an open reading frame of 1,344 nucleotides, which encodes a protein of 448 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of approximately 49 kDa. The nucleotide sequences contained base pair differences, but most were silent. Cluster analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences separated the isolates into three groups. Group I (ETI) consisted of the seven highly virulent isolates and the two Chinese outbreak strains, containing Ala 299 -to-Ser, Glu 305 -to-Lys, and Glu 330 -to-Lys amino acid substitutions compared with groups II and III (ETII). Groups II and III consisted of moderately virulent and nonvirulent strains, which are separated from each other by Tyr 72 -to-Asp and Thr 296 -to-Ala substitutions. Gene exchange studies resulted in the change of ETI to ETII and vice versa. A spectrophotometric activity assay for GDH did not show significant differences between the groups. These results suggest that the GDH ETs and sequence types may serve as useful markers in predicting the pathogenic behavior of strains of this serotype and that the molecular basis for the observed differences in the ETs was amino acid substitutions and not deletion, insertion, or processing uniqueness.Streptococcus suis is a world-wide pathogen of swine and an important zoonotic agent (21,22,24,26,27). Strains of this bacterium are divided into 35 serotypes (types 1/2 and 1 through 34) according to polysaccharide capsular antigens. Type 2 is the type most frequently associated with disease and also the type most often isolated. The disease conditions in swine include meningitis, arthritis, septicemia, endocarditis, encephalitis, abortions, polyserositis, and bronchopneumonia (22). S. suis has been isolated from other animal species, including horses, dogs, cats, birds, and wild boars, suggesting that it may be pathogenic for more than one animal species (22). In infected humans, S. suis type 2 can cause meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia, toxic shock, and permanent hearing loss (21,22,24,26,27). A recent outbreak in China, which involved 39 human and Ͼ200 swine deaths, has caused elevated concern (27). Attempts to effectively control S. suis infection have been problematic due to genetic heterogeneity within and between serotypes, a lack of effective vaccine and diagnostic reagents, inability to effectively distinguish virulent from nonvirulent isolates, a paucity of information on the genetics of S. suis relative to its mechanism of pathogen...

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Streptococcus suis infection: a series of 41 cases from Chiang Mai University Hospital

Cited by 79 publications

References 22 publications

Role of Capsule and Suilysin in Mucosal Infection of Complement-Deficient Mice with Streptococcus suis

Role of Capsule and Suilysin in Mucosal Infection of Complement-Deficient Mice with Streptococcus suis

In VitroCharacterization of the Microglial Inflammatory Response toStreptococcus suis, an Important Emerging Zoonotic Agent of Meningitis

Differentiation of Highly Virulent Strains of Streptococcus suis Serotype 2 According to Glutamate Dehydrogenase Electrophoretic and Sequence Type

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