Streptococcus gallolyticus – A potentially neglected pathogen causing neonatal sepsis not covered by routine group B streptococcus screening

Sim, Jun Yi; Wang, Lan-Wan; Chow, Julie Chi; Hsu, Wei-Yun; Chen, Yu-Chin; Chang, Yin‐Cheng; Chou, Yun; Chen, Wei-Yu; Tang, Hung‐Jen; Chang, Tu‐Hsuan

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2021.05.003

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…We analyzed the remaining 30 cases of neonatal S. gallolyticus infections reported in literature before November 30, 2021, and the present case ( n = 31) ( Table 1 ). 2 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Of the 30 cases reported in literature, only 10 cases were reported from the United States. 10 13 14 21 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Onset Fulminant Sepsis in a Preterm Neonate due to Streptococcus gallolyticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Williams

Sakaria

Pourcyrous

2022

AJP Rep

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Streptococcus gallolyticus (SG) is an uncommon cause of neonatal infections. We describe the first case of fulminant lethal neonatal sepsis due to SG reported in literature. Our patient was an extremely low birth weight premature infant that was born to a mother with prolonged rupture of amniotic membranes and chorioamnionitis. We also review the cases of neonatal SG infections reported in literature. Fifty-eight percent neonatal SG infections presented in the first week of life. Importantly, SG meningitis is more commonly reported with early-onset infections compared to group B streptococcal meningitis which is more common with late-onset infections. SG must be included in differential for neonatal sepsis, particularly, in presence of meningitis in first week of life. Most cases are sensitive to penicillin, however, cases of reduced sensitivity to penicillin have also been reported.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Onset Fulminant Sepsis in a Preterm Neonate due to Streptococcus gallolyticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Williams

Sakaria

Pourcyrous

2022

AJP Rep

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“…The clinical symptoms of neonatal Streptococcus gallolyticus infections vary and include respiratory distress, apnea, mixed metabolic and respiratory acidosis, fever, lethargy, poor feeding, and seizures. 14,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] Interestingly, early onset S. gallolyticus infections were more likely to be associated with meningitis than were late-onset infections. Among the cases in which further identification was performed, Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp.…”

Section: Dovepressmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A MEDLINE search identified 13 cases of neonatal meningitis attributed to Streptococcus gallolyticus between the time period of 2019 and 2023. Cases that lacked a clear identification or were attributed only to "Streptococcus bovis" (S. bovis) without further differentiation were excluded from the analysis, leaving nine cases 14,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] for evaluation.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-Onset Meningitis in a Preterm Infant Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus Subsp. Pasteurianus in Saudi Arabia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Al-shehri

2023

IMCRJ

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This report describes the progression of meningitis in a 24-day-old preterm male infant infected with Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus (SGSP) and its medical care, pathogen detection, antibiotic treatment, and monitoring, ultimately leading to a positive outcome of successful recovery. Neonatal meningitis (NM) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition, particularly in immunocompromised preterm infants. This report from Saudi Arabia presents a rare case of late-onset neonatal meningitis caused by SGSP in a preterm male infant. The 24-day-old preterm neonate presented with fever, lethargy, poor feeding, and respiratory distress. SGSP was confirmed by cerebral spinal fluid analysis showing the presence of pleocytosis and a low glucose ratio. Prompt antibiotic therapy with intravenous Ampicillin and Cefotaxime led to decreased pleocytosis, and the infant was discharged after 21 days. This report highlights the importance of vigilance, diagnosis, and management of neonatal infections caused by uncommon pathogens such as SGSP. The rarity of SGSP-caused meningitis emphasizes the need to monitor pregnant women for potential transmission and to implement early diagnostic and management strategies. This case report also encompasses a review of recent globally reported cases of neonatal S. gallolyticus infection, highlighting the distinctiveness of this report as the first of its type in Saudi Arabia.

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“…A total of 26 articles reported 66 cases [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 ]. For reasons of completeness, we decided to include in our review three cases of neonatal infection caused by S. bovis biotype II, since, according to the bibliography, neonatal infections caused by S. gallolyticus species (i.e., S. bovis biotype II/2) are much more common than neonatal infections caused by S. infantarius (i.e., S. bovis biotype II/1).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Sepsis Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus Complicated with Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case-Report and a Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2022

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Streptococcus gallolyticus (S. gallolyticus) has been linked to the development of infections in adults; however, in neonates S. gallolyticus sepsis is very rare and resembles Group B Streptococcal infections. In this case report, we present the case of a full-term neonate who developed early-onset sepsis due to S. gallolyticus. A systematic review of the literature was also conducted. The neonate had good APGAR scores at 1′ and 5′. At 5 h postnatally, the neonate developed poor feeding and respiratory distress. She received oxygen in a head box, and a complete blood count and biochemistry, blood, CSF and body surface cultures were obtained. Empiric intravenous antibiotics (ampicillin and tobramycin) were initiated, and she was transferred to a tertiary NICU for further treatment. The neonate was mechanically ventilated and received dopamine and colloid fluids for circulatory support. A cardiology consultation revealed pulmonary hypertension on day one. S. gallolyticus was isolated in the blood culture. Central nervous system ultrasonography, brainstem auditory evoked potentials, and a second cardiology evaluation were normal on day three. Clinical and laboratory improvement was noted on day three, and the baby was discharged after a 12-day hospitalization. Follow-up visits were scheduled for reevaluation.

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Streptococcus gallolyticus – A potentially neglected pathogen causing neonatal sepsis not covered by routine group B streptococcus screening

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Early-Onset Fulminant Sepsis in a Preterm Neonate due to Streptococcus gallolyticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Early-Onset Fulminant Sepsis in a Preterm Neonate due to Streptococcus gallolyticus: A Case Report and Literature Review

Late-Onset Meningitis in a Preterm Infant Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus Subsp. Pasteurianus in Saudi Arabia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Neonatal Sepsis Caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus Complicated with Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case-Report and a Systematic Literature Review

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