Streptococcus constellatus causing concomitant extra and intracranial abscesses complicated with sagittal sinus thrombosis

Farias, Luís Arthur Brasil Gadelha; Firmino, Natália Nogueira; Sousa, Marcos Maciel; Lira, Mateus Lavor; Meireles, Leonardo Nogueira; Stolp, Ângela Maria Veras; Maia, Kelma Maria; Costa, Sílvia Figueiredo; Neto, Lauro Vieira Perdigão

doi:10.1590/s1678-9946202365010

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The present study adds to the existing knowledge that not only did the number of imaging studies in children with upper respiratory tract infections increase rapidly after the pandemic, but that these infections also resulted in more complications and that the number of infections caused by streptococcus species increased significantly. Streptococci are pathogens often seen in cohorts of children with abscesses in the head and neck region [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase in complicated upper respiratory tract infection in children during the 2022/2023 winter season—a post coronavirus disease 2019 effect?

Metz,

Schmid,

Veldhoen

2023

Pediatr Radiol

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Background Upper respiratory tract infections usually peak during winter months. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether imaging of complicated upper airway infection in children increased during the winter season of 2022/2023. Materials and methods In a retrospective study setting, pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) scans for evaluation of upper respiratory tract infection performed between October 2022 and April 2023 were analyzed regarding presence of the following complications: mastoiditis, abscess, phlegmon, meningitis, reactive vasculitis, and sinus vein thrombosis. Pathogen detection, surgery, and infection parameters were obtained. Data were compared with MRI and CT scans performed in the same months of the preceding five years, distinguishing between pandemic and pre-pandemic years. Results During the 2022/2023 winter season, the number of MRI and CT scans in children with upper airway infections, the complication rate, the rate of detected streptococcal infections, and the rate of surgery increased significantly compared to expectations based on the five prior winter seasons (all P<0.05). During the first complete pandemic winter season in Europe (2020/2021), the number of MRI and CT scans in children with upper airway infection, the complication rate, and the rates of streptococcal detection and surgery decreased significantly compared to expectations based on the pre-pandemic, the second pandemic, and the post-pandemic winter seasons (all P<0.05). Conclusion After a decline during the first pandemic winter season, there was a marked rebound in complicated upper airway infection in children, with a significant increase in cases during the 2022/2023 winter season compared to the pre-pandemic and pandemic years. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%