Streptococcal Arginine Deiminase Inhibits T Lymphocyte Differentiation In Vitro

Starikova, Eleonora A.; Mammedova, Jennet T.; Ozhiganova, Arina; Leveshko, Tatiana A.; Lebedeva, Aleksandra M.; Sokolov, Alexey V.; Isakov, Dmitry V.; Karaseva, Alena B.; Burova, Larissa A.; Kudryavtsev, Igor V.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms11102585

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Initially, SAGP was characterized as an antitumor protein [ 88 ]. It exhibits arginine deiminase activity (breakdown of arginine to citrulline and NH 3 ) and suppresses the proliferation and differentiation of T-lymphocytes in vitro ( Figure 1 ) [ 89 , 90 ]. Furthermore, SAGP has been suggested to play a role in the survival of S. pyogenes under acidic conditions though the buffering activity of NH 3 , potentially aiding in intracellular/lysosomal survival [ 91 ].…”

Section: Main Functional Categories Of S Pyogenes ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulating Enzymes from Streptococcus pyogenes—In Pathogenesis, as Biotechnological Tools, and as Biological Drugs

Happonen,

Collin

2024

Microorganisms

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Streptococcus pyogenes, or Group A Streptococcus, is an exclusively human pathogen that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from mild throat and skin infections to severe invasive disease. The pathogenesis of S. pyogenes infection has been extensively studied, but the pathophysiology, especially of the more severe infections, is still somewhat elusive. One key feature of S. pyogenes is the expression of secreted, surface-associated, and intracellular enzymes that directly or indirectly affect both the innate and adaptive host immune systems. Undoubtedly, S. pyogenes is one of the major bacterial sources for immunomodulating enzymes. Major targets for these enzymes are immunoglobulins that are destroyed or modified through proteolysis or glycan hydrolysis. Furthermore, several enzymes degrade components of the complement system and a group of DNAses degrade host DNA in neutrophil extracellular traps. Additional types of enzymes interfere with cellular inflammatory and innate immunity responses. In this review, we attempt to give a broad overview of the functions of these enzymes and their roles in pathogenesis. For those enzymes where experimentally determined structures exist, the structural aspects of the enzymatic activity are further discussed. Lastly, we also discuss the emerging use of some of the enzymes as biotechnological tools as well as biological drugs and vaccines.

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Section: Main Functional Categories Of S Pyogenes ...mentioning

confidence: 99%