Streptobacillus moniliformis Bacteremia in a Pet Shop Employee: Case Report and Literature Review

Suzuki, Katsushi; Hirai, Yuji; Morita, Fujiko; Nakamura, Ayako; Uehara, Yuki; Naito, Toshio

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofx038

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The acquisition of S. sciuri by head lice could possibly reflect transmission from animals to the Orang Asli as this bacterium is usually an animal skin colonizer (Beims et al, 2016). Likewise, S. moniliformis (Table 2) and B. zoohelcum (Figure 2) were most likely to have originated from the wild rats (Suzuki et al, 2017) and pets (Chen et al, 2017), respectively. It is reasonable to suggest that these transmissions are due to frequent contacts with domesticated or wild animals that are consistent with the socio-economic practices of the Orang Asli.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial profiling of head lice isolated from the Orang Asli: A first report in Malaysia

Majid

Khoo

Lim³

et al. 2020

Trop Biomed

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial profiling of head lice isolated from the Orang Asli: A first report in Malaysia

Majid

Khoo

Lim³

et al. 2020

Trop Biomed

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“…Rat bite fever (RBF) is a rare zoonotic infection caused by the gram-negative bacilli Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillium minus [1,2]. These bacteria are part of the commensal flora of domestic rats [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toe Gangrene Revealing Septicaemical Rat-bite Fever: About a 41 Day Old Infant

Benchekroun

Asermouh

et al. 2020

AJPR

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Rat-bite fever (RBF) is a systemic infectious disease. It is due to Streptobacillus moniliformis, a commensal bacterium of the nasopharyngeal mucosa of small rodents, in particular rats. This anthropozoonosis is rare in urban areas. The first clinical sign of infection is a fever, followed by polyarthritis and a rash. It can only start with skin signs, as in our observation. We report the case of a 41-day-old female infant who was the victim of a rat bite at one month of life in the upper nasal and labial areas. A rabies vaccine with local care has been made. The clinical course at 3 days after the bite was marked by a non-pruritic papulopustular rash, the vesiculo-bullous lesions in the bilateral and symmetrical legs evolved into inflammatory ulcerative necrotizing lesions in a geographic map of the lower 1/3 of the lower limbs with gangrenous lesions in the toes, an erythematous base on the face, hands and feet and discreet oral erosions, associated with generalized purpuric spots and fevers at 40°C. The biological assessment was carried out objectifying an inflammatory syndrome made of a leukocytosis at 26770/mm3, with neutrophils at 10842/mm3, CRP = 215 mg/L. The diagnosis of RBF was made by the isolation of a Gram-negative bacillus in a blood culture. The final identification of the germ was carried out by molecular biology (PCR of 16S rRNA). The lumbar puncture was negative and the cardiac ultrasound was without abnormality. Arterial and venous Doppler ultrasound of the lower limbs was normal. The diagnosis of rat bite fever having been retained. The infant was put on cefpodoxime IV for 3 weeks and metronidazole IV for 10 days. The clinical course at 3 months later, spontaneous amputation of gangrenous toes with residual skin scars was noted.

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“…Rat bite fever (RBF) is a rare zoonotic infection caused by gram-negative Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillium minus (1,2). These bacteria are part of the commensal flora (i.e., the normal flora of the mouth) of healthy domesticated or laboratory rats (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rat bite fever on Vancouver Island: 2010-2016

Hryciw

Wright

Tan

2018

CCDR

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Background: Rat bite fever (RBF) is a rare bacterial zoonotic infection caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillum minus, which are found naturally in rodent respiratory tracts. Recently, multiple cases of RBF were observed on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.Objective: To conduct a case series analysis of cases of RBF on Vancouver Island between 2010 and 2016 to characterize the epidemiology, presentation, microbiology and treatment of RBF.Methods: Cases were identified through queries of discharge diagnosis and microbiology laboratory information. Clinical details were collected through review of electronic and paper chart reviews of hospital documentation from Island Health.Results: Eleven cases of RBF on Vancouver Island were identified between 2010 and 2016. Most cases of RBF were confirmed with identification of S. moniliformis by culture or molecular techniques. All cases presented with fever, and a subset had one or more of the following: myalgia, rash, polyarthralgia, joint effusions, and emesis. All cases were successfully treated with penicillin, ceftriaxone or doxycycline. Seven cases required hospitalization, but there were no deaths or significant morbidity.Conclusion: This is the largest single case series of RBF in Canada. Diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion by clinicians and early intervention is necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality. Affiliations

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Streptobacillus moniliformis Bacteremia in a Pet Shop Employee: Case Report and Literature Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Bacterial profiling of head lice isolated from the Orang Asli: A first report in Malaysia

Bacterial profiling of head lice isolated from the Orang Asli: A first report in Malaysia

Toe Gangrene Revealing Septicaemical Rat-bite Fever: About a 41 Day Old Infant

Rat bite fever on Vancouver Island: 2010-2016

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