Strengthening montmorillonitic and kaolinitic clays using a calcium-based non-traditional additive: A micro-level study

Latifi, Nima; Meehan, Christopher L.; Majid, Muhd Zaimi Abd; Horpibulsuk, Suksun

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2016.06.004

Cited by 94 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…The soil treatment processes are used to modify different properties of soil for instance strength, stability, and permeability and erosion resistance. Soil stabilization process includes biological, chemical, electrical, and mechanical mechanisms of soil improvement [1][2][3]. Cement, fly ash and/or lime are commonly used in improving the Geotechnical properties of soil; however, the principles of sustainable development state that there should be limited use of water and non-renewable energies, so as to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas like CO2 (Carbon dioxide) and NOx (Nitrogen oxides) and suspension of particulate matter in air [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Improvement of Expansive Clays Using Xanthan Gum as a Biopolymer

Reddy

Varaprasad

2019

Civ Eng J

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In this study, Biopolymers are used as an attempt to create sustainable environment by eliminating the negative environmental impacts of using traditional admixtures in soil stabilization. Xanthan Gum is used as a biopolymer to treat expansive soil. A series of tests like, Standard Proctor Test, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), One-Dimensional Consolidation and Standard Direct Shear tests were conducted on virgin soil and biopolymer (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5%) treated soils. The results revels that by addition of biopolymer content Maximum Dry Density (MDD) of soil decreases and Optimum Water Content (OMC) increases. The UCS value is increased by 4 times for the addition of 1% xanthan gum to soil for 28 day curing period. Compressibility of soil is deceased by 65% for 28day curing period. Shear parameters of treated soil shows improvement with addition of xanthan gum content. For further examination, SEM analyses were conducted on the tested samples and revealed that the soil fabric had white lumps and pores in the soil structure were filled with cementitious gel. Moreover, the resistance towards shear and compressibility of treated samples increased with curing times. Therefore, use of Xanthan Gum for soil stabilization is a solution for eco-friendly soil stabilizing material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Improvement of Expansive Clays Using Xanthan Gum as a Biopolymer

Reddy

Varaprasad

2019

Civ Eng J

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“…On the other hand, the brittle behaviors of cement/lime treated soil, which is prone to cracking and may influence the stability of structures, play negative effects on the local environment [16,17,18,19,20]. Therefore, non-traditional chemical additives including liquid polymer, resins, acids, silicates, and ions are also used as a cost-effective and flexible option [21,22,23,24]. Liu et al [25] illustrated that the presence of the organic polymers could effectively enhance the strength behaviors of the treated sand.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Experimental Study on the Shear Behaviors of Polymer-Sand Composite Materials after Immersion

Jin

Bai

et al. 2018

Polymers

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Sand mixed with geotextile/fiber/cement/lime or non-traditional chemical additives to form composite materials is recognized as an effective method for improving the sand properties. In this work, the variation in properties of composite materials after immersion is reported which has rarely appeared in the literature. The focus of this study is to evaluate the shear behaviors of polymer-sand composite material after immersion with direct shear tests. Several factors which may influence the shear behaviors after immersion are analyzed. The results demonstrate that this composite material still has good shear behaviors after immersion when compared to the purely sand material. The shear behaviors are improved with an increment in the curing time, polymer content and sand dry density while there is a decrease in the shear behaviors with increasing immersion time. The interaction between sand particles and the polymer are analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The polymer membranes are formed by polymer enwrapping and connected sand particles to build an elastic and viscous structure in the sand that increases the interlocking forces between sand particles and decreases the void ratio of this material. The membranes are softened in water resulting in a decrease in the shear strength. Moreover, other factors affect the shear behaviors by improving the completeness and stability of this structure.

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“…Further, the formation of new minerals can be supported by SEM studies (Figure 4). The natural black cotton soil exhibited dispersed undulating filmy particle microstructure similar to that of montmorillonite (Latifi et al 2016). The needle-like mineral formation can be evidenced from sulfuric acid contaminated soil, which refers to alunogen mineral formation.…”

Section: Mineralogical and Microstructural Modifications Of Black Cotmentioning

confidence: 93%

Volume Change Behavior of Phosphogypsum Treated Clayey Soils Contaminated With Inorganic Acids – A Micro Level Study

Chavali

Reddy

2018

Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management

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Soils exhibit undesirable volume changes when exposed to high concentrations of acids, which is manifested most frequently in the beds of foundations of industrial establishments associated with their production or use. However, control of this phenomenon has received less attention than it deserves. This paper aims to investigate the mineralogical and micro-structural changes occurred during the volume change behavior of phosphogypsum treated clayey soils contaminated with sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid solutions. Oedometer test results showed high swelling and low compressibility for acid contaminated soils than that of water. The change in microstructure towards flocculated fabric along with mineralogical transformations are responsible for the volume changes in soils. The mineralogical changes that affected the volume change behavior are discussed with FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis. Phosphogypsum treatment was found to be effective in controlling volume changes in soils with phosphoric acid, whereas in the case of sulfuric acid found to be futile.

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Strengthening montmorillonitic and kaolinitic clays using a calcium-based non-traditional additive: A micro-level study

Cited by 94 publications

References 68 publications

Sustainable Improvement of Expansive Clays Using Xanthan Gum as a Biopolymer

Sustainable Improvement of Expansive Clays Using Xanthan Gum as a Biopolymer

An Experimental Study on the Shear Behaviors of Polymer-Sand Composite Materials after Immersion

Volume Change Behavior of Phosphogypsum Treated Clayey Soils Contaminated With Inorganic Acids – A Micro Level Study

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