Strengthening Health Systems in Conflict: Evidence-Based Policies for Quality Care in Yemen

Abstract

Yemen’s health system has faced formidable obstacles due to the enduring conflict since 2014, resulting in compromised infrastructure, disrupted services, and exacerbated vulnerabilities. This discourse meticulously analyzes the primary health system challenges in Yemen within the framework of the World Health Organization’s six pillars. It subsequently presents evidence-based policy recommendations to enhance Yemen’s health system and ensure the provision of high-quality and equitable care. In terms of service delivery, it suggests augmenting the presence of community health workers, leveraging mobile health technology, rehabilitating facilities, and improving emergency obstetric care. Regarding the health workforce, it proposes financing mechanisms for adequate remuneration, task-shifting strategies, embracing telemedicine, and fostering partnerships with universities. To strengthen information systems, it advocates for the enhancement of facility reporting, the implementation of national surveys, the utilization of mobile phone surveys, and the adoption of robust health information software. Regarding essential medicines, it recommends reorganizing regulations pertaining to selection, procurement, storage, and distribution. For health financing, it highlights the importance of increasing domestic budget allocation, implementing user fee exemptions, adopting performance-based financing mechanisms, and strengthening financial management systems. Last, in terms of governance, it emphasizes the need for transparent and accountable leadership, effective coordination mechanisms, and inclusive policy-making processes. Yemen requires sustained political commitment and adequate resources to facilitate the comprehensive reconstruction of its health system.