Strengthening Health Care in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Anthony, C. Ross; Moore, Melinda; Hilborne, Lee H.; Rooney, Anne; Hickey, Scot; Ryu, Youngbok; Botwinick, Laura

doi:10.7249/rb9990

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The annual incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears is estimated to be 68.6 per 100,000 person-years in an American-based study [1]. In Iraq, equivalent statistics are unavailable because credible data are not systematically collected and/or paper-based systems are utilised which are inappropriate for data analysis [2,3]. Consequently, there is limited understanding of the epidemiology and financial burden of musculoskeletal problems in both Iraq and other low-to middle-income countries (LMIC) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kurdistan is an autonomous region of Iraq which has become a safe place for many refugees and internally displaced people resulting in increasing pressure on local health care [3]. It is envisaged that improved information management systems, a trained workforce and specialised equipment are needed to improve health care provision in this region [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home-based rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the Kurdistan region of Iraq: epidemiology and outcomes

Kader

Jones

Serdar³

et al. 2022

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol

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Purpose This study, set in in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, describes the epidemiology and outcomes of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) followed by home-based rehabilitation alone. Methods A cohort observational study of patients aged ≥ 16 years with an ACL rupture who underwent an ACLR under a single surgeon. Followed by a home-based rehabilitation programme of appropriate simplicity for completion in the home setting; consisting of stretching, range of motion and strengthening exercises. Demographics, mechanism of injury, operative findings, and outcome data (Lysholm, Tegner Activity Scale (TAS), and revision rates) were collected from 2016 to 2021. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results The cohort consisted of 545 patients (547 knees), 99.6% were male with a mean age of 27.8 years (SD 6.18 years). The mean time from diagnosis to surgery was 40.6 months (SD 40.3). Despite data attrition Lysholm scores improved over the 15-month follow-up period, matched data showed the most improvement occurred within the first 2 months post-operatively. Post-operative TAS results showed an improvement in level of function, but did not reach pre-injury levels by final follow-up. At final follow-up, six (1.1%) patients required an ACLR revision. Conclusion Patients who completed a home-based rehabilitation programme in Kurdistan had low revision rates and improved Lysholm scores 15 months post-operatively. To optimise resources, further research should investigate the efficacy of home-based rehabilitation for trauma and elective surgery in low- to middle-income countries and the developed world.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home-based rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the Kurdistan region of Iraq: epidemiology and outcomes

Kader

Jones

Serdar³

et al. 2022

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol

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A multicentre point prevalence survey of hospital antibiotic prescribing and quality indices in the Kurdistan regional government of Northern Iraq: the need for urgent action

Kurdi

Hasan

Baker

et al. 2020

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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BackgroundRationale antibiotic use is crucial to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threats. No study has been undertaken in the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) using validated methodologies to document current antibiotic use and areas for improvement given high AMR rates. Research design and methodsPoint prevalence survey (PPS), using the Global PPS methodology, was conducted among the three major public hospitals in KRG/northern Iraq from September-December 2019. Prevalence and quality of antibiotic use were assessed using agreed indicators. ResultsPrevalence of antibiotic use was high (93.7%;n=192/205); with third generation cephalosporins the most commonly prescribed antibiotics (52.6%;n=140/266). Reasons for treatment was recorded for only 61.7% (n=164/266) of antibiotics and high use (89.9%) of parenteral therapy was observed. All therapy was empirical, no stop/review dates were recorded and no treatment guidelines were available. The majority of the prescribed antibiotics (62%; n=165/266) were from the WHO Watch list. ConclusionPrevalence of antibiotic use was high not only versus other hospitals in the region but globally including Africa, coupled with significant evidence of sub-optimal prescribing. Swift action is needed to improve future prescribing to reduce AMR. One or two areas should initially be targeted for quality improvement including development of local guidelines, documentation of antibiotic indications and/or stop/review dates.

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Strengthening Health Care in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Home-based rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the Kurdistan region of Iraq: epidemiology and outcomes

Home-based rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the Kurdistan region of Iraq: epidemiology and outcomes

A multicentre point prevalence survey of hospital antibiotic prescribing and quality indices in the Kurdistan regional government of Northern Iraq: the need for urgent action

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