Strength and permeability characteristics of cement stabilized finnish clay

Hassan, M; Ravaska, Olli

doi:10.1201/9780203883334.ch27

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…For assessing the suitability of responses, the correlations of Es versus UCS values were represented for some inclusions of soilcrete specimens (Figure 4). It was observed that Es increased with increasing UCS, which matched with the general trend of stabilizers proposed in past works [44,65]. As shown from the correlations (Figure 4), the Es correlated mostly well with the UCS values at a relatively strong level (R > 0.9).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Performances of Using Geopolymers Made with Various Stabilizers for Deep Mixing

2019

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This research aims to experimentally investigate the potential use of a geopolymer made from various stabilizers or byproducts (fly ash (FA-F, FA-C), slag (SL), glass powder (GP), metakaolin (MK), marble powder (MP), bottom ash (BA), rice husk ash (RHA), silica fume (SF)) to enhance the mechanical performance of soil (clay) via a deep mixing technique. Strengths of geopolymer soilcrete specimens were determined by unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests regarding curing times (7 to 365 days) by comparing with Portland cement (PC). In addition, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests, the effect of molarity (8–16 M), stress-strain behavior, failure modes, and microstructure (SEM, EDX) of geopolymer specimens were examined. Compared to PC, UCS responses of geopolymer specimens yielded: (i) a decreasing trend for FA-F, GP, MK, BA, and MP + FA-F, (ii) an increasing trend for FA-C, SL, and combinations of SL (BA + SL, RHA + SL, SF + SL, MK + SL) favorable with fewer proportions of stabilizers, and (iii) higher increments due to long-term curing (90, 365 days). Despite some decrements, most UCS values were found acceptable (>0.2 MPa) for sufficient enhancement of soft clay. The UCS results were mostly confirmed by UPV performances. The geopolymer specimens were also found to present: (i) strength development for alkaline concentrations from 10 to 14 M, (ii) brittle behavior of stress–strain curves that failed in axial splitting and near axial directions, and (iii) intensity of the silica peak for strength responsibility of the dense microstructure. The findings relatively support the usage of stabilizers or byproducts in the production of geopolymers for potential use in deep mixing. Thus, this research could be a basis for further efforts in this area.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Performances of Using Geopolymers Made with Various Stabilizers for Deep Mixing

2019

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“…Therefore, an increase in the dry unit weight at 10 % of cement can be observed. is due to the cement hydration, and the pozzolanic reaction can last for months or even years after mixing [15]. However, the strength increase range during 100 days and 200 days is different from strength values registered at early curing times (7, 14, and 28 days).…”

Section: Influence Of Cement On Compaction Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…These four main constituents (as given in Table 2) are the major strengthproducing components. The fundamental mechanism of soil cement stabilization has been outlined by many researchers [6,[13][14][15][16]. In general, mixing cement with water initiates chemical reaction named hydration, through which a hard cement paste is formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical characterization of cement treated kaolin clay

2014

JCE

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Physicochemical characterization of cement treated kaolin clay The physicochemical characterization of the cement-treated brown kaolin clay is presented in this paper. The effect of cement on the strength and compressibility of clay samples, at different curing times and cement contents, is investigated. Laboratory tests including compaction, unconfined compressive strength, and one-dimensional consolidation oedometer tests, were carried out on clay samples mixed with 5 % and 10 % of cement. Long-term strength and compressibility test results point to an increase in the unconfined compressive strength and decrease in the compression index.

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“…It plays a dominant role in the setting and hardening of cement paste and then the strength of soil-mixtures. Thus, this compound can be represented the heart of the concrete [19]. Furthermore, iron rich member of the smectite groups (Nontronite) were observed in cement treated Laterite soil.…”

Section: Xrd Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

MICRO-STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT STABILIZED TROPICAL lATERITE CLAY SOIL CONTAMINATED BY HEAVY METALS

Saeed

Hashim

2018

JEASD

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The presence of contaminated soils due to industrials and mining activities is a major concern in today's heavily industrialized world. The contaminants lead to poor engineering properties for these soils. In this study 10% cement is used to stabilize laterite clay soil contaminated by heavy metals of Cu and Zn. However, the effect of these contaminants on the geotechnical properties of clayey soils can be altered through chemical stabilization using traditional stabilizers like cement, which result in achieving suitable material for construction purposes. The micro-structural characterization of the cement-treated Laterite clay is presented in this research. The changes in the mineralogy and morphology structure due to the effect of stabilizer of cement and heavy metals were discussed based on X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). According to the micro-structural characterization of the stabilized soils, cement was effective stabilizer in terms of improving the strength of contaminated treated soils. However, the heavy metals have retarded effect on the cement treated samples. This was due to precipitation of the metals onto the surface of calcium and aluminium silicates as insoluble hydroxides or sulphates. Thus, these compounds form an impermeable coating that acts as a barrier to inhibit cement hydration by impending transport of water into cement grain. Finally, it can be concluded that the mechanical and the physico-chemical behaviours of the compacted specimens, as determined during testing, formed the basis for evaluating both the degree of immobilization of the heavy metal in the soil matrix, and the potential for rehabilitation of contaminated sites.

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Strength and permeability characteristics of cement stabilized finnish clay

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Performances of Using Geopolymers Made with Various Stabilizers for Deep Mixing

Performances of Using Geopolymers Made with Various Stabilizers for Deep Mixing

Physicochemical characterization of cement treated kaolin clay

MICRO-STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT STABILIZED TROPICAL lATERITE CLAY SOIL CONTAMINATED BY HEAVY METALS

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