Strength and ductility of a type 12 KhM heat-resistant steel in contact with liquid Pb-Bi eutectic

Effect of contact conditions on embrittlement of T91 steel by lead–bismuth

“…Balandin and Divisenko [3] reported on the mechanical behaviour of the 12KhM Russian steel (0.12C-1Cr-1Mo) in contact with lead-bismuth eutectic. Their main results are the following:…”

Environmental degradation of structural materials in liquid lead- and lead-bismuth eutectic-cooled reactors

“…The behaviour of several low-alloy steels was then studied by the different groups looking at this problem in the Soviet Union. Notably, the behaviour of the 12KhM pearlitic steel (0.16C-1Cr-0.5Mo-0.5Mn-0.24Si) in liquid LBE was evaluated by tensile testing and shown to be sensitive to LME between 200 • C and 500 • C [332]. The importance of the steel surface state (rough, mirror polished, or pre-tinned) was then noted, and the process of pre-tinning was found to impart maximum sensitivity to LME.…”