Objectives
To explore the potential impacts of introducing General
Practitioners into Emergency Departments (GPED) from the perspectives of
service leaders, health professionals and patients. These ‘expectations
of impact’ can be used to generate hypotheses that will inform future
implementations and evaluations of GPED.
Design
Qualitative study consisting of 228 semistructured
interviews.
Setting
10 acute National Health Service (NHS) hospitals and the wider
healthcare system in England. Interviews were undertaken face to face or
via telephone. Data were analysed thematically.
Participants
124 health professionals and 94 patients and carers. 10 service
leaders representing a range of national organisations and government
departments across England (eg, NHS England and Department of Health)
were also interviewed.
Results
A range of GPED models are being implemented across the NHS due to
different interpretations of national policy and variation in local
context. This has resulted in stakeholders and organisations
interpreting the aims of GPED differently and anticipating a range of
potential impacts. Participants expected GPED to affect the following
areas: ED performance indicators; patient outcome and experience;
service access; staffing and workforce experience; and resources. Across
these ‘domains of influence’, arguments for positive, negative and no
effect of GPED were proposed.
Conclusions
Evaluating whether GPED has been successful will be challenging.
However, despite uncertainty surrounding the direction of effect, there
was agreement across all stakeholder groups on the areas that GPED would
influence. As a result, we propose eight domains of influence that will
inform our subsequent mixed-methods evaluation of GPED.
Trial registration number
NCT51780222.