“…), the ability of mentioned models (i.e., ANN, SARIMA, and ES) to forecast highly nonstationary and seasonal hydrological time series (e.g., streamflow) may be restricted due to the multifrequency nature of the real hydrological process. To handle the mentioned nonstationary problem, the application of wavelet-based data preprocessing has been already proposed and used successfully in hydro-environmental modeling [26][27][28][29]. For example, Jamei et al [27] developed waveletmultigene genetic programming for the simulation of surface water total dissolved solids.…”