Streamer parameters and breakdown in CO<sub>2</sub>

Seeger, Martin; Avaheden, J; Pancheshnyi, Sergey; Votteler, T.

doi:10.1088/1361-6463/50/1/015207

Cited by 35 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These values are in the range of those reported in the literature: [18] indicates that the average velocity of streamers in air is (0.1-10)•10 6 m/s; while [50] and [51] provide the value of 2•10 6 m/s for this velocity. As can be seen from Figure 6, ̅ for CO 2 is similar to that for air, for all values of E/N, [52]. For N 2 , ̅ is lower than that for air and CO 2 .…”

Section: A Average Velocity Of Ionization Frontsupporting

confidence: 52%

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N₂, CO₂, and SF₆

Liu

Timoshkin

MacGregor

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The dielectric performance of gases in insulation systems used in high voltage power and pulsed power applications is a subject of intensive theoretical and experimental investigation. Transient breakdown processes in gases stressed with short, high-field impulses, have been studied for many decades. However, there are still significant gaps in the understanding of the main breakdown processes and mechanisms associated with fast transient breakdown processes in gases. This knowledge is important for optimisation of gaseous insulating systems and for coordination of gaseous insulation in power and pulsed power apparatuses. This information is also required for the development of gas-filled components such as circuit breakers and plasma closing switches. The present work is aimed at analysis of the field-time breakdown characteristics of air, N 2 , CO 2 , and SF 6 , using kinetic and drift-diffusion approaches. The kinetic approach is based upon the avalanche-to-streamer transition criterion, while the fluid drift-diffusion model requires self-consistent numerical solution of the continuity equations for charged species, and the Poisson equation for the electric field. The time to breakdown as a function of the applied field was obtained for all investigated gases. The obtained analytical results agree well with the experimental data reported in the literature, which suggests that both approaches can be used for insulation coordination, and for the development of gas-insulated power and pulsed power systems and components. Index Terms-Transient breakdown in gases, ionization front, time-field breakdown characteristics.

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Section: A Average Velocity Of Ionization Frontsupporting

confidence: 52%

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N₂, CO₂, and SF₆

Liu

Timoshkin

MacGregor

et al. 2020

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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“…Figure 18b,c show different peak pressure values as function of needle position, for 4%Novec TM 4710/96%CO 2 or CO 2 . According to the pre-breakdown current measurements shown in Figure 5, two modes have been identified in the nonlinear breakdown voltage behaviour as a function of the filling pressure: 0.4 < P ≤ 2 bar abs: The breakdown is led by streamer, corona glow and leader discharges [28,29]. The breakdown occurs at the negative half-cycle peak (see Figure 5a).…”

Section: Discharge Characteristics For An Earthed Needlementioning

confidence: 99%

AC Volume Breakdown and Surface Flashover of a 4% NovecTM 4710/96% CO2 Gas Mixture Compared to CO2 in Highly Nonhomogeneous Fields

et al. 2020

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AC pre-discharge currents, breakdown, and flashover voltage measurements are reported in a 10 mm needle-plane arrangement in a 4% NovecTM 4710/96% CO2 gas mixture and compared with CO2 for pressures up to 8.8 bar abs. Flashover measurements were performed on different solid dielectrics (Al2O3_filled epoxy resins, PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) and PE (polyethylene)) for different roughness surface finishes. The effect of fixed conducting needles at various positions on electrical strength is reported. A strong nonlinear behaviour as function of gas pressure was observed for all the studied parameters (gas, needle position, solid insulator, insulator roughness). The non-linear behaviour is attributed to the inception and quenching of glow corona, in the interval between inception and breakdown or flashover voltages. It is found that a 4% concentration of NovecTM 4710 in CO2 has a breakdown/flashover voltage ≈ 1.14 higher than CO2. The glow corona-induced stabilization effect is seen for pressures between 2 and 5 bar abs for all the studied parameters. The peak flashover voltage and its associated pressure of the different insulators are strongly dependent on surface roughness. At 8.8 bar abs, the flashover voltage level obtained with various materials was ordered as follows: PTFE > PE-UHMW > Epoxy > HDPE(High-density polyethylene).

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“…It is known that at pressure-distance (pd) higher than 5 bar-mm, the streamer mechanism of breakdown dominates [14] and the breakdown field can be estimated using the semiempirical streamer criterion. It is used widely [7,13,[15][16] in literature to predict the streamer inception voltage which is a prerequisite for breakdown to occur. In this paper, we compare the streamer criterion to the breakdown values determined on application of DC fields up to 0.3 MPa.…”

Section: Streamer Criterionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been published on breakdown in CO 2 . Various parameters such as the effect of surface roughness and dielectric coating [6], the streamer parameters [7], breakdown in non-standard impulse waveforms [8], comparison of swarm and breakdown data [9], breakdown in GIS [10], partial discharge behaviour [11] have been studied. However, in this paper, a comprehensive experimental study is performed on electrical breakdown in CO 2 and CO 2 -O 2 mixtures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Breakdown Study in CO₂ and CO₂-O₂ Mixtures in AC, DC and Pulsed Electric Fields at 0.1–1 MPa Pressure

Kumar

Huiskamp

Pemen

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Dielect. Electr. Insul.

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In this paper, the results of AC, DC and 2/160 µS impulse electrical breakdown experiments of CO 2 and CO 2-O 2 mixtures in weak and strongly non-uniform fields are presented. In weakly non-uniform fields, the electrical breakdown field approximately follows 11 when stressed with both AC and DC (positive and negative) waveforms. For positive impulse, the breakdown voltage is higher and the time lag to breakdown is scattered, indicating a lack of starting electrons from CO 2 gas. The breakdown strengths of CO 2-O 2 (10-30%) mixtures is investigated. On application of negative polarity impulse, the breakdown strength is significantly higher than positive impulse in the measured pressure range of 0.3-0.7 MPa in strongly non-uniform fields, contrary to that seen during breakdown in weakly non-uniform fields. Breakdown voltage for negative impulse is further enhanced in a mixture of CO 2-O 2 (80-20%).

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Streamer parameters and breakdown in CO₂

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N₂, CO₂, and SF₆

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N₂, CO₂, and SF₆

AC Volume Breakdown and Surface Flashover of a 4% NovecTM 4710/96% CO2 Gas Mixture Compared to CO2 in Highly Nonhomogeneous Fields

Electrical Breakdown Study in CO₂ and CO₂-O₂ Mixtures in AC, DC and Pulsed Electric Fields at 0.1–1 MPa Pressure

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Streamer parameters and breakdown in CO2

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N2, CO2, and SF6

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N2, CO2, and SF6

AC Volume Breakdown and Surface Flashover of a 4% NovecTM 4710/96% CO2 Gas Mixture Compared to CO2 in Highly Nonhomogeneous Fields

Electrical Breakdown Study in CO2 and CO2-O2 Mixtures in AC, DC and Pulsed Electric Fields at 0.1–1 MPa Pressure

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Streamer parameters and breakdown in CO₂

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N₂, CO₂, and SF₆

Field-Time Breakdown Characteristics of Air, N₂, CO₂, and SF₆

Electrical Breakdown Study in CO₂ and CO₂-O₂ Mixtures in AC, DC and Pulsed Electric Fields at 0.1–1 MPa Pressure