Stream Temperature Response to 50% Strip-Thinning in a Temperate Forested Headwater Catchment

Oanh, Dinh; Gomi, Takashi; Moore, R. D.; Chiu, Chen‐Wei; Hiraoka, M.; Onda, Yuichi; Dung, Bui Xuan

doi:10.3390/w13081022

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…A major focus of previous research on stream temperature response to shade removal was to evaluate the effectiveness of different forest practice rules, particularly in relation to their success in maintaining water quality standards (Groom, Dent, & Madsen, 2011). A key takeaway from this study and that of Oanh et al (2021) is that post‐harvest warming due to shade removal can be exacerbated by drought conditions that result in reduced stream discharge. In a climate change context, this result suggests that forest practices that successfully maintained water quality standards under historic climatic conditions may not do so under future conditions characterized by more frequent extended drought.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Headwater stream temperature response to forest harvesting: Do lower flows cause greater warming?

Moore,

Guenther,

Gomi

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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This study addressed two hypotheses regarding the relationship between stream temperature response to shade removal and streamflow: (a) that temperature response increases as flow declines and (b) that the relationship can be complicated by shifts in dominant streamflow sources and pathways during low‐flow periods. The study was based on a paired‐catchment design in rain‐dominated headwater catchments in the southern Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, and focused on the effect of a 50% thinning treatment on daily maximum temperature in June, July and August for three sites within the harvest treatment. At the two upstream sites, the treatment response exhibited a negative relationship with daily mean streamflow, especially for days with high incident solar radiation. This result suggests that the effectiveness of forest practice rules for protecting cold‐water habitat may be reduced under future climatic conditions characterized by more frequent extended drought. However, stream temperature response at the most downstream site exhibited a pronounced inverted‐U‐shaped relationship with streamflow measured at a weir. It is hypothesized that the response at the most downstream temperature logger was controlled by the existence of a stable, relatively cool inflow just upstream of the logger, which represented an increasing fraction of flow as streamflow generated higher up in the catchment declined through time. There was a lack of convergent surface topography upstream of the logger, and it is hypothesized that localized inflow may have been controlled by the topography of the soil‐till interface and/or originated as hyporheic discharge.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Following these pre‐processing steps, time series of daily minimum, mean and maximum temperatures were extracted for further analysis. Only daily maxima are considered here, given that they are most sensitive to the effects of shade removal (Gomi et al, 2006; Guenther et al, 2014; Oanh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headwater stream temperature response to forest harvesting: Do lower flows cause greater warming?

Moore,

Guenther,

Gomi

et al. 2023

Hydrological Processes

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“…The significance of the effect of forest harvesting was assessed following an approach suggested by Som et al (2012) and applied by Moore et al (2020) and Oanh et al (2021). The approach involves the construction of prediction limits around the pre-harvest regressions, followed by determination of the number of post-harvest observations falling outside the limits (n op ).…”

Section: Analysis Of Water Colour Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this approach may not be as powerful as analysis of covariance (Moore et al, 2020), it has the advantage that it does not require assumptions such as normality or homoscedasticity of the post-harvest error terms. However, it is based on the assumption that the error terms in the regression model are independent, which is typically not valid for daily water quality time series (e.g., Guenther et al, 2014;Oanh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Comment On the Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamwater colour in snow‐dominated headwater catchments: Natural variability and the effects of forest harvesting

Moore

Winkler

Hope

2022

Hydrological Processes

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This study documents the natural variability of true colour and the effects of forest harvesting in three snow‐dominated headwater catchments at the Upper Penticton Creek Experimental Watersheds, located in south‐central British Columbia. Although colour does not pose direct health risks, high values of colour can reduce the effectiveness of ultraviolet treatment systems, and can also indicate high concentrations of dissolved organic compounds, which can produce trihalomethanes following chlorination. The study employed a paired‐catchment design with an unlogged control (240 Creek) and pre‐ and post‐harvesting observations at two treatment catchments (241 and 242 Creeks). True colour varied seasonally, with high values during freshet followed by a general decline through summer, with some marked increases in association with autumn rain events. In the absence of harvesting effects, colour at all streams frequently exceeded the drinking water standard of 15 true colour units, especially for two catchments that contained organic soils, and there were significant positive relations between colour and the logarithm of stream discharge for all three catchments. The paired‐catchment analysis revealed significant increases in colour values once harvest reached 28% of the 241 Creek watershed and 21% of the 242 Creek watershed. For 241 Creek, the harvesting effect appeared to be independent of the colour value at 240 Creek. In contrast, the harvesting effect appeared to manifest in an increase in the slope of the relation for 242 Creek. The post‐harvest increase in colour did not appear to depend on streamflow for 241 Creek, whereas the colour response for 242 Creek had a strong positive relation with streamflow. These patterns of responses are hypothesized to reflect differences in the spatial patterns of imperfectly and poorly drained, wet soils in relation to locations of harvesting units, as well as differences in the morphology of the stream channel and riparian zone. Novelty Statement This is the first paired‐catchment experiment to document variations in true colour and its response to forestry in snow‐dominated headwater catchments. A unique aspect of the study is the availability of a soil map showing the locations of imperfectly and poorly drained soils and organic soils. The combination of the experimental design, which included both pre‐ and post‐harvest monitoring and a control catchment, and the soils map, supported the formation of process‐based hypotheses to explain the natural seasonal and among‐catchment variability of colour and the responses to forest harvesting.

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“…Runoff tends to increase in the short term after forest clear-cutting (Schelker et al, 2013), leading to an increase in nutrient loads (Webb et al, 2012). Also, the stream temperature variability tends to increase after logging (Oanh et al, 2021;Griffith and Kiffney, 2022), which further affects DOC dynamics (Wen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deforestation alters dissolved organic carbon and sulfate dynamics in a mountainous headwater catchment—A wavelet analysis

Wang

Robinson

et al. 2022

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Deforestation has a wide range of effects on hydrological and geochemical processes. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics, a sensitive environmental change indicator, is expected to be affected by deforestation, with changes in atmospheric sulfur (S) deposition compounding this. However, how precisely anthropogenic disturbance (deforestation) under a declining atmospheric S input scenario affects the underlying spatiotemporal dynamics and relationships of river DOC and sulfate with hydro-climatological variables e.g., stream water temperature, runoff, pH, total dissolved iron (Fetot), and calcium (Ca2+) remains unclear. We, therefore, examined this issue within the TERENO Wüstebach catchment (Eifel, Germany), where partial deforestation had taken place in 2013. Wavelet transform coherence (WTC) analysis was applied based on a 10-year time series (2010–2020) from three sampling stations, whose (sub) catchment areas have different proportions of deforested area (W10: 31%, W14: 25%, W17: 3%). We found that water temperature and DOC, sulfate, and Fetot concentrations showed distinct seasonal patterns, with DOC averaging concentrations ranging from 2.23 (W17) to 4.56 (W10) mg L–1 and sulfate concentration ranging from 8.04 (W10) to 10.58 (W17) mg L–1. After clear-cut, DOC significantly increased by 59, 58% in the mainstream (W10, W14), but only 26% in the reference stream. WTC results indicated that DOC was negatively correlated with runoff and sulfate, but positively correlated with temperature, Ca2+, and Fetot. The negative correlation between DOC with runoff and sulfate was apparent over the whole examined 10-year period in W17 but did end in W10 and W14 after the deforestation. Sulfate (SO4) was highly correlated with stream water temperature, runoff, and Fetot in W10 and W14 and with a longer lag time than W17. Additionally, pH was stronger correlated (higher R2) with sulfate and DOC in W17 than in W10 and W14. In conclusion, WTC analysis indicates that within this low mountainous forest catchment deforestation levels over 25% (W10 and W14) affected the coupling of S and C cycling substantially more strongly than “natural” environmental changes as observed in W17.

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Stream Temperature Response to 50% Strip-Thinning in a Temperate Forested Headwater Catchment

Cited by 9 publications

References 63 publications

Headwater stream temperature response to forest harvesting: Do lower flows cause greater warming?

Headwater stream temperature response to forest harvesting: Do lower flows cause greater warming?

Streamwater colour in snow‐dominated headwater catchments: Natural variability and the effects of forest harvesting

Deforestation alters dissolved organic carbon and sulfate dynamics in a mountainous headwater catchment—A wavelet analysis

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