Stream sediment analysis for Lithium (Li) exploration in the Douro region (Portugal): A comparative study of the spatial interpolation and catchment basin approaches

Cardoso-Fernandes, Joana; Lima, J. E. F. W.; Lima, Alexandre; Roda-Robles, Encarnación; Köhler, Martin; Schaefer, Stefan; Barth, Andreas; Knobloch, Andreas; Gonçalves, Mário A.; Gonçalves, F. V.; Teodoro, Ana Cláudia

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2022.106978

Cited by 17 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Meeting the demand for critical raw materials (CRM) and other commodities needed for the production and storage of "green" energy is crucial for achieving the decarbonization targets set by the European Climate Foundation by 2050 [1] . Such commodities can be found in pegmatite rocks and several recent works have been focused on their characterization for more efficient exploration and development of new tools [2][3][4][5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel-1 and ALOS data for lineament extraction: a comparative study

Cardoso-Fernandes

Teodoro²,

Lima³

et al. 2022

Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/Gis Applications XIII

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GREENPEG is a H2020 project developing exploration toolsets for critical materials in pegmatites. Lineament mapping is a powerful tool to identify geological structures at different scales, which is commonly applied in mineral exploration. To extract lineament information, different types of data can be employed, namely: (i) optical remote sensing data, (ii) radar remote sensing data, and (iii) digital elevation models (DEMs). All these data have been used by GREENPEG, where image processing of Sentinel-1 and ALOS (DEM) datasets were evaluated to identify regional-scale tectonic structures, such as faults, that may have controlled pegmatite melt emplacement. Automated geomatics methods to extract lineament information and perform lineament mapping were employed and the mean direction of the extracted lineaments was evaluated through rose diagrams. In general, the results of the radar image processing were affected by noise in the coastal areas and by the topography of the region. ALOS data presented some advantages, due to less influence from topography and human structures (saving time in the visual inspection of the results). Moreover, even though higher thresholds for the minimum length to consider as a lineament were applied to Sentinel-1 images, ALOS-derived lineaments were longer. The main trend of the extracted lineaments is in agreement between the two datasets, although specific trends are clearer in the ALOS-derived lineaments because the shaded reliefs produced already filtered the azimuth of lineaments to be extracted according to light incidence angle. For all three project demonstration sites (Leinster, Ireland; Wolfsberg, Austria; and Tysfjord, Norway) it was possible to identify lineaments that may relate to structures that controlled pegmatite emplacement. This study demonstrates the usefulness of different satellite data in structural mapping and mineral exploration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel-1 and ALOS data for lineament extraction: a comparative study

Cardoso-Fernandes

Teodoro²,

Lima³

et al. 2022

Earth Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing/Gis Applications XIII

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“…These samples were prepared by the Geological Survey of Iran (GSI) using the ICP-OES method to scrutinize 19 EPEs. Areas falling within the range of possible anomalies (x + 2s > x + 3s) are considered indicative of potential mineralization [64][65][66][67]. Here, the ('x') denotes the average, and 's' represents the standard deviation.…”

Section: Geological Geochemical and Laboratory Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

PRISMA Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data for Mapping Alteration Minerals in Sar-e-Châh-e-Shur Region, Birjand, Iran

Habashi,

Jamshid Moghadam,

Mohammady Oskouei

et al. 2024

Remote Sensing

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Remote sensing satellite imagery consistently provides valuable and frequent information, enabling the exploration of mineral resources across immense, remote and harsh domains. Recent developments in spaceborne hyperspectral remote sensing have opened avenues to support diverse remote sensing applications, particularly in the realm of mineral exploration. This study evaluates the capabilities of the PRecursore IperSpettrale della Missione Applicativa (PRISMA) hyperspectral satellite data for mapping alteration minerals using the Matched Filtering Unmixing (MFU) approach in the Sar-e-châh-e-shur, Birjand, Iran. Minerals such as richterite, augite, psilomelane, ilmenite, kaolinite, smectite, mirabilite, muscovite, and chlorite were identified using the vertex component analysis (VCA) technique. Subsequently, alteration mineral maps of the study area were generated using a matched filtering technique. Additionally, through the integration of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thin section examination, geochemical study of stream sediments, and interpretation of geological maps, potential alteration mineralization zones were delineated in the study area. Ultimately, the validation process, which included comparing the maps with the findings derived from the PRISMA remote sensing study, was conducted using the normal score equation. Thus, our results yielded a normalized score of 3.42 out of 4, signifying an 85.71% agreement with the regional geological characteristics of the study area. The results of this investigation highlight the substantial potential of the PRISMA dataset for systematic alteration mineral mapping and consequent exploration of ore minerals, specifically in challenging and inaccessible terrains.

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“…The earlier work of Galeschuk and Vanstone [5] already demonstrated the importance and success of geochemical exploration methods such as rock lithogeochemistry and selective leach soil geochemistry to identify buried LCT pegmatites in the Bird River Belt, Manitoba, Canada. Similar approaches have been conducted in recent years [6][7][8][9][10][11]. For example, geochemical analysis of stream sediment samples allowed the identification of anomalies and new prospects for LCT pegmatites in several areas in Ireland, Iran, and Portugal, especially when employing multi-element statistical analysis, and subsequently determined geochemical pathfinders [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The INOVMineral Project’s Contribution to Mineral Exploration—A WebGIS Integration and Visualization of Spectral and Geophysical Properties of the Aldeia LCT Pegmatite Spodumene Deposit

Cardoso-Fernandes,

Santos,

Almeida

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Due to the current energetic transition, new geological exploration technologies are needed to discover mineral deposits containing critical materials such as lithium (Li). The vast majority of European Li deposits are related to Li–Cs–Ta (LCT) pegmatites. A review of the literature indicates that conventional exploration campaigns are dominated by geochemical surveys and related exploration tools. However, other exploration techniques must be evaluated, namely, remote sensing (RS) and geophysics. This work presents the results of the INOVMINERAL4.0 project obtained through alternative approaches to traditional geochemistry that were gathered and integrated into a webGIS application. The specific objectives were to: (i) assess the potential of high-resolution elevation data; (ii) evaluate geophysical methods, particularly radiometry; (iii) establish a methodology for spectral data acquisition and build a spectral library; (iv) compare obtained spectra with Landsat 9 data for pegmatite identification; and (v) implement a user-friendly webGIS platform for data integration and visualization. Radiometric data acquisition using geophysical techniques effectively discriminated pegmatites from host rocks. The developed spectral library provides valuable insights for space-based exploration. Landsat 9 data accurately identified known LCT pegmatite targets compared with Landsat 8. The user-friendly webGIS platform facilitates data integration, visualization, and sharing, supporting potential users in similar exploration approaches.

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Stream sediment analysis for Lithium (Li) exploration in the Douro region (Portugal): A comparative study of the spatial interpolation and catchment basin approaches

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Sentinel-1 and ALOS data for lineament extraction: a comparative study

Sentinel-1 and ALOS data for lineament extraction: a comparative study

PRISMA Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data for Mapping Alteration Minerals in Sar-e-Châh-e-Shur Region, Birjand, Iran

The INOVMineral Project’s Contribution to Mineral Exploration—A WebGIS Integration and Visualization of Spectral and Geophysical Properties of the Aldeia LCT Pegmatite Spodumene Deposit

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